The edible fungus industry has great potential - Interview with Prof. Li Yu, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering

On December 1st, at the China-Chaoyang Facility Agricultural Development Summit Forum, Professor Li Yu of the Chinese Academy of Engineering expressed his insights on the status and development of China's edible fungus industry.

Li Yu, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, was born in Shandong Province in 1944. He is currently a professor of mycology at the Jilin Agricultural University, a tutor for doctoral students, director of the Institute for Fungi Research, a foreign academician of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and chairman of the China Bacterial Association. For more than 30 years, Li Yu has been engaged in the teaching and research of mycology and phytopathology. He founded the country's first edible fungus specialty, discovered and named a total of 30 new species of fungi, and established a new genus. Hundreds of new records have been discovered. It is the first Chinese in the world to name a new species of Myxomycete, and is the first scholar to systematically classify Myxomycetes, families, and orders.

Li Yu explained the profound things in a simple and easy-to-understand manner and expounded the development of the facility fungi industry. He said that in the past there were no edible fungi in China and only microbiology specialty. The invisible are microorganisms. The world’s largest creature is a kind of mushroom. One of them covers more than 800 hectares in the United States, lived for more than 1500 years old, and has a weight of several hundred tons, which is larger than that of dinosaurs. Mushrooms belong to the fungus, including three types of fungi, one is a fungus, including mushrooms, taro, and so on. The second is pseudo-bacteria, such as grape downy mildew. The third is Myxomycetes. The focus of my research is this. The mushroom in the fungus is a false name, visible to the naked eye and hand-picked, and I have created a new term called a fungus crop. For edible fungi, my main point of view is summarized in three sentences: First, to realize the recycling of agricultural waste; second, to promote the development of recycling economy; and third, to support the national food safety force. Throw away things like plant stalks. Cultured substrates such as cottonseed husks and mulberry stalks are wastes. Fungi can turn them into resources, so now the cottonseed hulls can grow to 3,600 yuan/ton, which is more expensive than cotton, and rice and rice bran are also rising. . why? Because they all become resources, they are no longer thrown away. Therefore, the mushroom industry is an industry that truly realizes the recycling of agricultural waste. In advancing the recycling economy, the bodies of animals and plants on Earth need to be broken down, and only the fungus can digest it and restore it. According to statistics, 3 billion tons of agricultural wastes in the country will produce 10 million tons of edible fungi if they produce 5% of them, which can produce 3 to 4 million tons of protein, which can protect national food safety.

Li Yu said that edible fungi have "five inconsistencies". They do not compete with others for food, do not compete with the land, do not compete with the land, and do not dispute resources with other farmers. Do not compete for food with people, eat mushrooms do not need food. The place where no grain can be planted can not be planted with food. Do not compete with the land, edible fungi do not need fertilizer. When not competing with farmers, it is possible to grow edible mushrooms at any time. It is only a question of cost if it is not limited to agricultural time. Do not compete with other resources, but also waste into resources. Therefore, it is said that mushroom is indisputable. Nowadays, people begin to think calmly about their diet. The edible fungus is safe and healthy and can be used for health care to reduce blood viscosity. Black fungus can clear the intestines, Ganoderma lucidum can improve the body's immunity. FAO proposed that the dietary standard is “one mushroom, one mushroom and one mushroom.” It can be seen that the production of more edible fungi does not sell well.

Therefore, the edible fungus industry has great potential for development with great potential. Li Yu said. At present, China's largest edible fungus is Henan, with 2 million tons per year, and Guangxi is one fifth of the country. Fujian and Zhejiang were the major provinces. More than 10 years ago, we proposed the "Mushrooms move northwards." Nowadays, the Northeast has also developed rapidly. Why not seize the opportunity to push edible mushrooms as an important industry? The economic benefits of edible fungi are outstanding and can solve the problem of labor transfer. At present, the edible fungus industry in China is in a period of rapid development. In 2009, the total output of edible fungi in China exceeded 20.2 million tons, and the output value exceeded 100 billion yuan, and it was promoted at a rate of 120 to 130% per year. The high advancing speed indicates that the edible fungus industry has played a role in the farmers, played a role in rural construction, and formed a sunrise industry in the new rural areas that can attract attention. This has changed the face of rural areas and improved the lives of farmers. It is hoped that all relevant parties can pay attention to it and can grasp the period of great opportunities so that the edible mushroom industry will become an important industry in transforming the mode of agricultural development, promoting modern agriculture, and increasing the income of peasants who increase efficiency in agriculture.