Soybean Food Industry Calls for the Development of High Quality Specialized Raw Soybeans

International market development characteristics protect the trend of dedicated soybeans According to the investigation of the international soybean food market by the China Soybean Industry Association's Soybean Products Professional Committee (Cotton Committee), in recent years, as consumer awareness has increased, the requirements for food quality and taste have followed. The increase, for example, requires eating more delicious tofu and drinking more soy-flavored soybean milk. To make better tofu and soy milk, the quality of the raw soybeans is critical, resulting in the concept of special soybeans for the variety, ie, raw soybeans for a specific variety of specific uses.

Soybean raw material suppliers such as the United States and Canada took the lead to capture this market demand and began to lead the trend of high-quality, customized non-GM food-grade soybeans. Wu Yuefang, secretary general of the China National Bean Council, said that both the United States and Canada have established the Identity Preservation IP soybean production system. IP Soybean is a guarantee system established to maintain the specific properties of soybeans (such as non-GM, tofu, and natto). According to this system, these varieties with unique characteristics that meet specific end-user requirements must be selected during sowing, cultivation, harvesting, short-distance transportation, processing, conditioning, storage, packaging, long-distance transportation and delivery to end-users. Must be protected.

IP soybeans must be grown separately from other soybean crops and stored separately. They must be stored separately throughout the logistics chain. The entire process requires dedicated systems and strict controls that will increase crop processing costs by more than double. In Canada, about 1 million tons of non-genetically modified soybeans are produced each year, accounting for about 1/4 of total soybean production. Among them, the production of IP soybeans with authentication is about 150,000 tons per year.

Soybean suppliers in North America have actively developed various excellent food grade special soybean varieties such as soybeans for soybean curd, soybeans for soybean milk, soybeans for natto, and soybeans for miso. There are also IP soybeans with unique ingredients, such as high protein soybeans, high sucrose soybeans, low saturated fat soybeans, low linolenic soybeans, high oleic soybeans, low phytate soybeans and high phytase soybeans, and high-functionality amino acid soybeans. , high isoflavone soybeans, non-lipid oxidase soybeans or low-fat oxidase soybeans.

In the advanced and mature market of soybean food industry in Japan, the specialization of soybean raw materials has been basically achieved. For example, the soybeans used in soybean curd are large-grained and high-protein varieties, and the soybean varieties used in soybean milk are large in size and have high round, medium and high protein content, high sugar content, and low linolenic acid content. Wait. In the past 20 years, North America has developed many non-genetically modified special varieties of soybeans for the Japanese food soya bean market, which has surpassed China in terms of quality and price ratios, and has taken away the considerable market share of Japanese soybeans used by Chinese food companies.

Loosely mixed planting can not meet the demand of soybean food in China Soybean food enterprises and industry experts say that the small-scale, mixed-variety planting state can no longer meet the requirements of modern soybean food companies for raw materials.

Soybean food companies said that traditional soy products usually require high protein content of soy raw materials, and the difference in soybean protein content of different varieties can reach 7%, which is closely related to the yield of products. However, soybean farmers that have not yet organized and scaled up cultivation have mixed mixed varieties of soybeans. This shows that they have no advantage in characteristics, or they are misplaced. The oil processing companies buy high-protein soybeans, and soy products companies can buy them. It is high-oil soybean.

Even for the same high-protein variety, the requirements for different soy products are different. For example, the content of 11S globulin in tofu soybeans is high, and tofu is easily solidified and elastic. The soybeans used in soybean milk should have no lipase and low linolenic acid content, so that the soybean milk produced has no smell and white color.

At the same time, small-scale, non-specialized, and non-standardized farmers have no ability to handle raw materials, remove impurities, and control quality, and they also restrict companies from purchasing large quantities of raw materials with low impurities and stable quality.

Soy expert Gai Jiongyuan said that China does not lack high-quality, high-oil, high-protein soybean varieties. High-oil soybeans have a fat content of 22%, and high-protein soybean protein content can reach 45%, but no special planting belts have been formed. The characteristic advantages cannot be played. There are also deficiencies in the combination of breeding and processing. After research and comparison, the yield of special varieties of tofu and soy milk can be increased by 15% to 20% compared with non-specialty varieties.

Professor Shi Yanguo, dean of the School of Food Science and Technology at Harbin Technology and Business University, believes that the high-oil soybean industry zone in Heilongjiang Reclamation Region has basically taken shape, and the production of high-protein specialty soybeans for the production of products has not yet been established, and it cannot meet the demand of high-quality raw materials for soybean food enterprises.

Learn from the experience of foreign countries to improve the quality and scale of food soybeans In response to the demand for specialization and large-scale production of soybean raw materials, China’s soybean producing region government, soybean food companies, industry organizations, and scientific research institutions have all witnessed this trend and started to .

The Nenjiang County government in Heilongjiang Province, the main soybean producing area in China, stated that the main soybean producing areas already have the initial conditions for specialization, branding, and large-scale development. The one-on-one household contract responsibility system for joint production is being replaced by more and more large-scale cooperatives, and rural land transfer and scale management have become a development direction. In order to change the mix and mix of the past, the quality of the phenomenon is different. Demand for market-specific soybeans will become more and more clear and detailed. The difference between different quality soybeans will become increasingly apparent and will provide space and market for dedicated soybean cultivation. Nenjiang County is also actively exploring new soybean production models. For example, it is engaged in the production of “specialized beans” through the construction of a modern soybean farm. Each park is between 50,000 and 100,000 mu in size. Varieties are special inventory stores, sold by quality. Through demonstration and promotion, we will gradually expand the production scale of “dedicated beans” and realize higher prices for better quality products. In the next few years, Nenjiang soybeans will vigorously promote the production of high-protein soybeans such as “Modou 11” and “Heihe 45” based on the protection of non-genetically modified soybeans. At the same time, Nenjiang will vigorously promote large-scale planting and rapidly change the mixed crops. status quo.

However, the Nenjiang County government stated that from the current actual situation, there are certain difficulties in developing "dedicated beans" on a large scale. First, there is no strong market pull, and second, the farmers' planting habits need to be changed. Specialized beans produced by specialization are expected to have a price that is 10% to 15% higher than that of ordinary soybeans, and should have a price advantage over imported special beans.

Soybean food companies have an urgent need to improve the quality of raw materials. This year, they have independently implemented order agriculture and signed contracts with raw material bases to provide quality standards. Some companies also took the initiative to build their own raw material bases, such as Shanghai Qingmei Foods, Yonghe China Food Company has developed its own planting production park in the northeast.

Academician Gai Junyi said that at present, China has bred varieties suitable for tofu processing such as Heinong No. 35, Dongnong No. 3, Dongnong No. 42, Fengshou No. 12, Nannong Dadou, Nannong 99, No. 10, Xiangchundou 16 No.; suitable for soybean paste processing varieties such as Dongnong 34, Heinong 32, etc.; suitable for natto processing such as Hongfeng Xiaodoudou No. 1 and Lu 7605, etc.; suitable for soybean meal processing such as Xiang B68, Heinong 39 Wait. The innovative targets for dry bean curd yield and dried bean milk yield in China are 65% and 80%, respectively. This requires the close integration of soybean breeding workers, growers and soybean food processing companies.

Wu Yuefang stated that the China National Bean Industry Committee hopes to promote the connection between the soybean producing area and the soybean food enterprise, guides the production of the production area with the quality standards of the food, and provides guarantee for the products of the food industry with the specialization and large-scale production of the production area. China National Bean Industry Committee plans to build a more effective display and docking platform for soybean producing areas and processing enterprises at the 2012 Soybean Food Exhibition and Industry Conference to form an interactive and win-win situation for the upstream and downstream industries.