Finger vein recognition technology analysis and process

1. Medical basis

Finger vein is a new biometric identification technology, which is derived from the advanced development project of human brain functional activity management in the field of medical technology. In this development, near-infrared rays are used to observe the increase of blood flow, when near infrared When passing through human tissue, hemoglobin in the venous blood vessels has a significant absorption effect on near-infrared rays, so that the venous blood vessel distribution characteristics are characterized by different gray values ​​in the image. Due to the randomness of the direction of elongation, the distribution of the finger veins of the individual presents a different structure, so it can be determined whether the two vein images are from the same finger. At the same time, it was found that this technique is also suitable for the collection of finger vein images.

2, technical architecture

Finger vein recognition uses light propagation techniques for finger vein contrast and recognition. When the near-infrared rays pass through the human finger, part of the rays are absorbed by the hemoglobin in the blood vessel, thereby capturing a unique finger vein pattern, and then comparing with the pre-registered finger vein pattern to identify the individual. It has been proved by medical practice that the shape of the finger vein is unique and stable, that is, each person's finger vein image is different, and the vein images of different fingers of the same person are also different. The vein shape of healthy adults no longer changes, which provides a medical basis for the finger veins. Therefore, recognition techniques based on the principle of finger vein images may become a reality. Thus, the image of the vein distribution within the finger can be used for identity.

3, finger vein system identification process

In the vein scan, the LED emits near-infrared rays on one side of the finger, transmits the finger, and on the other side of the finger, the camera takes a vein image. From the process of extracting the finger vein image, the process mainly captures the finger vein image, and then extracts the finger vein feature information, and compares it with the previously registered finger vein feature to confirm the identity of the registrant. In order to compare the scanned pattern with the original registered pattern, the relevant recognition result can be obtained (that is, the comparison result can be obtained by comparing the scanned pattern with the original registered pattern).

The finger vein recognition algorithm uses the texture tracking method to extract the line structure information in the finger vein, and the individual identification is performed through the matching of the line structure, and can be run on the PC environment and the embedded DSP platform.

Highlights of finger vein recognition technology

Compared with other biometric technologies, the finger vein recognition technology has the following major advantages.

· Since the finger veins are hidden inside the body, there is no risk of imitation or theft, and the skin condition on the surface of the human hand does not affect the identification work;

Non-invasive and non-contact imaging technology for the use of infrared, to ensure user convenience and cleanliness. Compared with some biometric technologies, finger vein recognition technology is non-contact and sanitary in public places;

· Due to the relative stability of the shape of the finger vein and the sharpness of the captured image, the pattern data taken by the low-resolution camera can be processed by a small simple data image technique;

· High security. Because the venous blood vessels are hidden inside the fingers, they are extremely difficult to copy and steal, and this method is more secure than other technologies that use the in vitro features of the human body to authenticate. At the same time, the vein authentication can sense the blood flow and blood pressure in the finger, and can perform the living body detection at the same time in the identification process.

· High accuracy. The sampled sample is inside the human body, so the interference from the outside is very small during the matching process. Gently put your finger to trigger a highly accurate knowledge. According to strict medical certificates and mathematical statistics, FRR (rejection rate) is 0.01%, FAR (false rate) is 0.0001%, and FTE (registration failure rate) is 0%.

It can be seen that compared with other biometric technologies, finger vein recognition technology is much more difficult to copy and steal than face, palm, fingerprint and iris; in recognition accuracy and portability than face type The palm shape, fingerprint and iris are much higher. Especially in terms of fingerprint technology, the use is more convenient, hygienic and more humane. Finger vein recognition effectively avoids the deficiencies in the safety of traditional access control systems, and opens up a new way to protect personal and property safety for bio-identification technology and products.

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