Winter is a dormant period for pests of various fruit trees, and it is also an opportune moment for controlling fruit tree pests. It is particularly important at this stage to take appropriate control measures against fruiting wintering pests and to strengthen the comprehensive prevention and control of fruit and plant pests and diseases. The specific prevention and control methods are as follows:
1. Weeds, deciduous trees, and weeds around the roots of fruit trees are one of the main wintering sites for many pests. We must promptly and thoroughly clean and remove dead branches, fallen leaves, weeds, fallen fruits, and dead fruits, bury them, burn them, or directly apply fertilizer. Can effectively eliminate overwintering pests, greatly reducing the base number of pests the following year.
2. Scraping is to scrape rough skin and cut off pests and branches. Many pests that injure fruit trees and pathogens such as rot are overwintering in rough cracks and under skins and rough skin, and bark is scraped in winter to remove these diseases and insect pests. The degree of scraping the skin, generally grasp the "small trees and weak trees should be light, big trees and Wangshu should be heavy" principle, the light only scrape dead dry skin, severe scraping to the cortex yellowish green appropriate. After shaving, the rough skin is buried or burned. The second is to scrape rot disease spots. The bad tissue of the diseased part and the healthy skin tissue connected to about 5 mm must be carefully scraped to a depth of xylem, which is conducive to the healing of the lesion. In the spring of March to March, a full inspection is performed once more. The scraped lesions should be promptly applied and disinfected. For old lesions that have been previously cured by scraping, the recurrence should be prevented and the effects of prevention and control should be consolidated.
3. Before being tied into the winter, a grass handle is tied over the roots of the fruit trees to induce the insects to go into the grass and lay their eggs for winter. After the winter, the grass handles are unwound and burned, which can eliminate a large number of overwintering pests and eggs parasitizing in the grass handle.
4. Shear trimming can adjust the load of trees, improve the ventilation and light conditions of fruit trees, promote the healthy growth of plants, and increase the resistance to pests and diseases. Cut off those branches that have pests and diseases, and burn them centrally after cutting them, or deeply bury them, which can greatly reduce the pest infestation source in the coming year.
5. Plane deep planer tree soil. Many overwintering pests are lurking in the soil under the canopy. Before being frozen on the soil, deep-casting the tree tray can directly kill some of the pests that have passed through the winter in the soil. At the same time, by turning the soil, some of the pests can be exposed on the soil surface and be exposed. Frozen or eaten by birds.
6. It is advisable to look through the depth of the garden at a depth of 30 to 40 cm. The closer the time is to the soil, the better the freezing effect is, because at this time the pests have entered a dormant state and cannot be re-entered into the winter.
7. Spraying is usually done after the pruning of the fruit trees and before the budding of the fruit trees in early spring. It is best to spray twice. Can spray 3 to 5 degrees lime sulfur, trees, the ground must be sprayed. This will not only protect the pruned wounds and branches, but also eliminate some of the pests that winter in the trunk and soil.
8. The proportion of whitening agent can be: 10 parts of lime, 2 parts of lime sulfur, 1 to 2 parts of salt, 36 to 40 parts of water, and a small amount of insecticide. Whitening time is best twice, first after falling leaves and before the soil freezes, and the second time in early spring. The main part of the white painted area is the main trunk, the main branch, the base of the main branch, the south of the trunk, and the side of the tree trunk. The surface of the trunk should be painted. Be careful not to apply it to the bud to prevent burning. The whitening agent should be dry and dilute properly so as not to be lost during coating. After drying, it is not necessary to fall off or fall off.
9. Protect the wound and close the saw and cut it. Can use varnish or tung oil to add appropriate amount of lard to reconcile, smear on the wound for protection; early spring can also be used 80% dichlorvos closed saw cut, eliminate pests in the overwintering.
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