Hilly tomatoes management in dryland

The cultivation of tomatoes in mountain areas in summer will generally yield a net profit of 4,000 to 6,000 yuan per 667 square meters and an increase of more than 8,000 yuan. This is a good way for mountain farmers to become rich. To strengthen the management of the growth period of tomatoes is the key to obtaining high yield and high efficiency. 1. Cultivated weeding, water conservation and protection from planting to flowering and fruit setting period should be repeated cultivating; late in case of heavy rain, should also be timely cultivator loose soil, such as due to cultivator or rain erosion, so that ridge line becomes smaller or a gap, should be timely support Buried well. Covering crop straw and weeds in small rows can protect soils and prevent soil compaction and fertilizer. 2. Stretching the vines, pruning the stalks before the flowering of the tomatoes will be scaffolding, can be used to build a 1.7 to 2 meters long bamboo poles into the "human" frame, stable two ends, cross the bamboo head at the cross with bamboo poles, and with thin wire Tighten. After tying up the shelves, the size of tomatoes should be tyed in time and tied with plastic ropes or cloth strips, corn husks, etc., and tied into a figure of eight to prevent rubbing of bamboo vines and vine vines. Pruning generally uses single-stalked pruning. All lateral branches must be removed in time, leaving only the main branch. 3. Disease prevention and control The diseases of tomato mainly include viral diseases, bacterial wilt, early blight, and late blight. Insect pests mainly include bollworms and aphids. Diseases of tomatoes can be prevented and the disease should be prevented. Virus disease prevention methods include: selection of disease-resistant varieties, seed disinfection, seedling depression, control of aphids, appropriate early planting and so on. If the diseased plants are found in the field, the whole plant should be removed and burned, and the root soil should be dug away. Early blight and late blight, can be controlled by 75% chlorothalonil, 600-800 times mancozeb, or 1:1:200-fold Bordeaux mixture, every 5 to 7 days, and spray 2 or 3 times. Several fungicides can be applied alternately, and the control effect is better. When bollworms hatch into larvae and have not yet entered the fruit, the bollworm should be appropriately controlled based on the prediction and prediction of insect pests. Generally during the first panicle flowering period, when the fruit is sitting, it is sprayed with 8000-times speeding extinguishes, or 50% phoxim EC 1500-2000 times, or 75% extinguished with 2000-3000 times. Spray every 5 to 7 days, even spray 2 or 3 times, can also treat locusts. Spray a piece of medicine together with the weeds around the plot. 4. Qiaofei material, to seize high yield When the first ear fruit to sit after the first time to recover the fertilizer, apply urea or compound fertilizer 10 kg per 667 square meters, to open the ditch before the rain is appropriate. After the first fruit was harvested, 7.5 kg of urea was applied per 667 square meters. When the third fruit was harvested, 10 kg of diammonium was applied per 667 m2. When 7 to 8 spikes hang, see the growth of the plant as a fertilizer and fight for 10 spikes of fruit. Conditions can be followed by bean cake, cottonseed cake and other cake fat. 5. The growth period of dry-watered tomatoes is in the summer and autumn rainy seasons, and the collection period is mainly in 8, 9 and 10 months. Therefore, watering is generally not required. However, when the 2 to 3 ear fruit is ripe when it is dry, it should also be watered once in combination with the shaver dressing. 6. To maintain the fruit and preserve summer tomatoes, when the summer comes, there will be flowers or flowers dry phenomenon. In addition, when there are too many fruit set in the lower part, insufficient nutrient supply or soil compaction in the event of heavy rain, it is easy to cause flowering and even emptying. The solution is 1 thinning and thinning fruit. The first and second panicles set 2 to 3 per panicle, and no more than 4 other panicles. 2 Spikelets can be treated with 2,4-D or "Tomato Spirit." There are three ways to use, one is the dipping method. Select the sunny day, pour the liquid medicine into the bowl, and gently dip the 3 to 4 flower spikes of each panicle that are being opened in the liquid, and then use the spray handle. Avoid the leaves, use a small sprayer, spray on the flowers under the two; three is the brush method. Use a brush to draw the liquid onto the stalks and flowers. 7. Steady results Generally speaking, Daejeon's cultivation of tomatoes can produce 10 layers of fruit spikes. The fruits that grow upright are large in the lower part and small in the upper part. When the fruit is not ripe for the next frost, the contradiction can be solved by adopting the tomato cultivation method. The specific approach is: When the fifth ear grows like a walnut, the main branch of the tomato is changed from an upright to a portal type. That is, when the noon sun is drying the stems of the tomatoes, the upper part is bent and tied to the opposite bamboo pole. When the tenth ear is seated, the head is removed. 8. Remove the old leaves, ventilation and light During the growth period, cut the lower yellow, sick and dry leaves in time, leaving 4 to 5 cm of petioles and burn the old leaves that have been cut off. 9. Fruit ripening, ripening, discoloration, ripening, and ripening are ripe for ripening. Storage and preservation can be harvested during the green season. The transport can be harvested during the discoloration period (1/3 of the fruit turns red). Local sale or self-feeding should be harvested when ripe fruit is more than 1/3 red. Harvesting should be carried out gently and lightly. Picking is best done without a fruit pedicle to prevent the fruits in the shipment from being stabbed each other. Before the first frost, if there are still unripe green fruits, they should be collected and stored in the greenhouse until the fruit becomes ripe and then listed, which not only prolongs the supply period, but also increases economic efficiency. (Author: Zhaihong Min Liqing Chen Unit: Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province Agricultural Bureau Shanting Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province Agricultural Station Shanting mountain Office)

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