Cold Green Fighter F1 Production and Pest Control Technology

F1 is a super-high-yielding, high-cold-tolerant and high disease-resistance leeks hybrid. Its parents (the hybrid of the lee-male male sterility line and the excellent restorer line) originate from the western regions of China under the conditions of high-cold climate. The sex is: when the monthly average temperature is 40C and the minimum temperature is -70C, the daily average growth rate is 0.7cm-lcm, which is better than the control variety Pingjing No. 4 - 2°C-3°C. The cold green fighter Pa F1 is suitable for all kinds of solar greenhouses, large and small plastic sheds, and open field cultivation. When it harvests the first knife, the plant height is about 35cm-40cm, and when the second knife is harvested, the plant height can reach 56cm. Plant type full upright and good uniformity, leaf color thick green hypertrophy, maximum leaf width up to 2.2cm, general leaf width lcm, maximum plant weight 60g. General weight 15g-30g, thin and small fiber content in the stem. Taste: Xin, fragrant, fresh, tender, brittle, fast-growing, anti-aging, high resistance to gray mold, disease, and tillering can reach 45. After three years, the number of single planting can reach 180 -280. In the second year, about 10 knives can be harvested (covered in winter) and yielded 22000Kg-25000Kg per mu. Seedlings or live broadcasts are planted in March and June, and 200,000 plants are planted in open fields. About 360,000 - 400,000 plants (667m2) are planted in protected areas. Mu with seed amount exposed to land: 0.7Kg, protected land: 1.5kg (planting seedlings transplanted. Note: Hanqingba Pa F1 was successfully cultivated in 1997, and is currently an original species in China. (Application for registration). No pollution production technology. With the adjustment of the industrial structure in rural areas, the area of ​​leeks in Henan has rapidly expanded, and the area is now close to 800,000 mu. However, due to blind planting, management blindness, and protection of specific environmental conditions inside the leeks, the pests and diseases of leeks have been aggravated year after year, such as:韭蛆 灰 灰 灰 灰 灰 灰 灰 灰 灰 灰 灰 灰 灰 灰 灰 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 韭蛆 。 韭蛆Resistance to diseases and insect pests has increased, and leek has been reduced in quality and production, and the phenomenon of eating leek poisoning has also been common. After years of research and experiment and practice in the Weiqi Research Institute of Fugou County, Henan Province, a set of high-yield and reliable pollution-free leek pests and diseases has been collated and summarized. Prevention and control and production technology 1. Agricultural control 1.1 Selection of high-quality varieties We all know that the variety of Henan leeks currently accounts for 80% of domestic consumption. , Its high quality, cold resistance, high yield is beyond reproach, so it is recommended that you choose Henan 791 Xueyu Wang, Xuerong 4th, Hanqingba Pa F1, cold green king, and Pingyi No. 2 and other varieties, also According to the local conditions, it can be flexibly used 1.2 Clean the plots, remove the weeds in the field, the rotten leaves and leaves of the sick, bring out the deep treatment or burn out of the fields, and reduce the base number of the bacteria to prevent the spread of diseases. The leek is not tolerant to leeches, so it is necessary to choose flat lands on the ground to avoid limiting the water quality of low plots (sand soil, red, black soil, and sticky soil) but to break the soil blocks. The leek has the phenomenon of root-jumping, and the leek field is completely exposed, combined with its own phenomenon, cultivating 1-2 times of fine soil in the root of leeks, which can increase the leek root height by more than 0.5cm annually, and can also prevent crickets from becoming leeks in the rhizosphere of leeks. The egg is laid in the seam.The leeks in the protected area are usually covered with soil once before the shed.1.5 Watering and disinfestation.When the young pupa occur in the spring and autumn, the continuous watering submerges the root system for 2-3 days. Use) can significantly reduce the hazard. The leeks are used for winter irrigation and spring irrigation in late November and the beginning of March of the following year respectively, and the results are better when combined with irrigation. 1.6 Reasonable fertilization The leeks are hi-fertilizer crops, but they cannot be used in large amounts, and if they are used in large quantities, they will cause partial shifts. Nitrogen is long and reduces its disease resistance. Therefore, fertilization should be based on high-quality decomposed organic manure, cake fertilizer, or bio-fertilizer, supplemental nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, and appropriate amounts of trace element fertilizers should be used to cultivate healthy roots. , To improve the disease resistance and increase the commercial quality of the leek 2. The management of the growth period 2.1 The management of the open field Before the thawing of the soil in spring, the garden should be cleared in time before returning to the green, so that the root of the plant can receive more sunlight and raise the temperature of the soil. When sprouting, soil thawing, and when new shoots emerge, apply a thin layer of human excreta. The surface is slightly dry, ie, small cultivator loosens soil once, deep in 8-10 cm. Turn over the grasses and manure covered before the winter into the soil, and pour small water according to drought conditions. Once, penetrate underground 10-15cm. Under general conditions, when the seedling height is about 15cm, and water is poured for 5-7 days before harvest, the leek can be crisp and the quality can be improved. When the soil moisture is good, it can be watered again after the first knife is harvested for 3-5 days. Apply a fertilizer. Should be done, knife top dressing, knife watering. Note: Top dressing is done 3-4 days after harvest. In order to avoid the wound caused by fertilizer or induced disease. Fertilizer to compost manure excrement 100Okg per 667m2, or urea 20kg. Compound fertilizer 25kg, harvested 1-2 times from August to September. Stop in late September and pour frozen water once in winter. 2.2. Management of protected areas. Every year from early November to early December, leek starts to be shed, and the date of the shed can be arranged according to different time-to-market. After the leek is buckled with a plastic film, before the sprouts are sprouted, cover the grasshoppers at night and try to increase the temperature and the ground temperature. The leek germination as soon as possible, after the leek germination grows to the ground, the daytime temperature should be maintained at 17-23 °C. Try not to exceed 24°C. Do not allow 2 - 3 hours to exceed 25°C or 1-2 hours exceed 27°C. This is the temperature at which the first knife grows. During the subsequent growth of the knife, the temperature can rise by 2 -3°C. However, it cannot exceed 30°C. The first knife's night temperature is 10-12°C, and the temperature of each knife can be 2-3°C. After each harvest, the soil should be soiled once in a time (3cm thick); watering should be carried out 5 to 7 days before the harvest of Leek, and 10 to 15kg of compound fertilizer or 1Okg of ammonium nitrate should be applied every 667m2 when watering. In the third and fourth. The number of watering should be increased. Top dressing 2 times is the first 10 to 15 days. Each time you apply compound fertilizer lOkg or ammonium nitrate lOkg, winter fertilizer should not use ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, etc., and leek is suitable for dry air environment. The relative air temperature is between 60% and 70%. The relative humidity in the winter shed is relatively high and it is 95%-100% at night. In order to reduce the air humidity, under the premise of guaranteeing the temperature condition, the ventilation and dehumidification should be strengthened. And appropriate to improve the night temperature, followed by leeks as leafy vegetables, a variety of trace element fertilizers and hormones suitable for leeks, to promote its growth rate. Increased production of gibberellin (920). Sodium bisulfite, photosynthetic accelerator, white sugar, urea mixture, potassium dihydrogen sulfate, etc. In wintering cultivation, the most serious insect pest is leeks, the disease is the disease of gray mold, and timely prevention and control methods can refer to the disease prevention and control part. 3, the symptoms of pests and diseases and drug control. 3.1, 韭蛆, also known as the root 蛆 (adults called 韭 迟 迟 迟 蕈 mosquito). 3.1.1. Symptoms: Adult crickets are oligophagous pests, which are mainly harmful to Liliaceae vegetables. When larvae are harmed, bulbs or seedlings of leeks, etc. are invaded and the bulbs are plucked into many holes, causing decay. The upper leaves are yellow and wilting. Caused by the lack of seedlings and ridges, and even into pieces of death, if not timely prevention and control will make Leek production decline of 50% to 70%. 3.1.2, drug control. 48% of 375-750 times the emulsion of Le Siben, 40% phoxim EC 750-1500 times. 25% trichlorfon powder spray 1.5-2kg per acre. 80% Trichlorfon Soluble Powder 1000 times Liquid dripping or spray coarse fog. 3.2, gray mold. 3.2.1, Symptoms: Botrytis cinerea is classified as Botrytis cinerea, Deuteromycotina, and direct bacterial disease. It mainly affects the leaves; at the beginning of the disease, the leaves are white to gray-brown dots on the surface, and the front is more than the quilt. Most of the lesions developed from the tip of the blade to a fusiform or elliptical lesion with a size of 0.5-2 mm X 0.5-7 mm and gray-brown. When dry, the leaves are coked, and when the leaves are wet, the surface of the lesions is densely stained with green limpets, and it is in a wet rot state. In severe cases, the lesions gang into knots, resulting in the upper part of the leaf or the entire leaf withered. Sometimes it rots down from the cutting edge of the leeks, with a pale green spot, a semi-circular or "V" shape. The disease tissue is tan. Close to gray green hairy mildew. 3.2.2, drug control: 10% fast-king spirit aerosol 10-15 days fumigation once every 667m2 dose 250g, 50% fast-king WP 1000-1500 times, 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 400- 500 times liquid. 50% more than Yin Ling. Chlorothalonil aerosol 250g per 667 square meters, divided into more than six points of the drug alone or alternately every 7 days. 3.3, disease. 3.3. Symptoms: It belongs to the flagellin subphylum, Phytophthora fungal disease. The whole plant suffers when the leek is infested. The damage to the leaves starts from the lower middle part, and the dark green water is immersed at the beginning, when it extends to about half of the leaves; Leaves turn yellow, sagging, soft rot. When the air is wet, the disease minister sparse white mold. Fake stem victim. More than brown soft rot in the root plate. As the white mold grows, the leaves fall off easily. The internal tissue turned pale brown and the roots became ill. Brownish rot, root hairs were significantly reduced, root life was shortened, and the growth potential of the shoots was weakened. 3.3.2, drug control. 50% quick-king. 1500-2000 times liquid. 50% acetaminophen 1000-1500 times liquid. 70% mancozebite 350 times, 75% chlorothalonil 500 times. 50% carbendazim, propofol 300 times. 25% of Rhodoxocedella sp. 800 times, 64% antiviral 500 times. 72% Prec 800 times, etc., Irrigation or spray, 7-10 days once, even prevention 2-3 times, the above drugs pay attention to the use of rotation. The above prevention techniques can be based on local conditions. Based on local conditions. Institute of Leek, Fugou County, Henan Province (Jiangcun Town, Fugou County, 461315) Contact Person: Liu Shunde Tel—6464333

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