In recent years, with the rapid development of shrimp culture, the demand for seedlings is increasing. The use of ponds to develop artificial breeding of green shrimp not only provides the potential for large-scale breeding of shrimp, but also has a small investment, short production cycle, and high economic benefits. . Earth pond shrimp breeding investment less than 1,000 yuan per acre, can produce 1-1.5cm shrimp 70-1 million, net profit of more than 2,000 yuan, is a good way for the majority of fishing farmers to get rich. According to the production practice for several years, the artificial breeding technology of the earth pond shrimp is summarized as follows for reference. First, the nursery pond preparation pond conditions: the shrimp breeding pond should choose a pond with sufficient water, fresh water, drainage and irrigation facilities, good water retention performance, with an area of ​​1-5 acres is appropriate, the pool depth of 1.5m, water depth of 1-1.2m, The pool slope is large with a slope ratio of 2.5-3:1; the bottom of the pool is flat and the mud thickness is 10-15cm. The pond inlet and outlet are filtered with a double 80-mesh sieve. Clear pond disinfection: newly excavated ponds can be cleared directly with drugs; ponds of fish farming in the past, dry ponds after exposure, remove excess silt, and then clear the pond with drugs. Clear pond time before broodstock stocking 20-30 days. Clear Pond drugs commonly used lime, sodium pentachlorophenol, tea, bleach, etc., with sodium pentachlorophenol, quicklime water clear pond better. Sodium pentachlorophenol Phenol, the first 30-40cm water injection ponds, sodium pentachlorophenol 1.5-2kg per acre, add water to dissolve Quanchiposa, you can clear the wild fish, frogs and other predators. Lime clear pond, we must pay attention to the choice of non-hygroscopic lime, the amount of 150-200kg per mu, the pond water injection 10-20cm, the lime will be dissolved in water into the hot slurry after the spill, while throwing the edge of the mud with a shovel to stir, so that Mix the lime slurry with the pond mud to improve the clear pond effect. The thoroughness of clear ponds is the key to the success of young shrimp breeding. Second, the broodstock collection and selection Green shrimp into the breeding season in the natural waters in late April, artificial breeding broodstock generally after the start of the breeding season from lakes, reservoirs, rivers and other large water surface captured in the shrimp, requirements Large-bodied, fat, lively, physically intact, unoccupied mature shrimp or egg-bearing shrimp. It is best to choose from the shrimp caught by fishing nets such as shrimp dip nets, shrimp cages, and shrimp oysters. Such green shrimps are not easily injured and have strong vitality. For the collection of non-ocean females and males, the individuals are required to be 5 cm in length and the ratio of males and females is 1:4 or 1:5. Female ovaries are mature or nearly mature. Judging from the size and color of the ovaries on the back of the cephalopods of females, the ovary volume of mature or nearly mature females covers almost the entire back, with the front reaching the base of the forehead and the color changing from green to Brown. When collecting eggs, shrimp should be selected as green or orange-colored shrimp. If the eggs are gray-brown and have eye spots indicating that the eggs have hatched, they can easily fall off from the mothers, making it inconvenient for transportation and handling. To collect broodstock in the Lake District and the reservoir area, the newly harvested green prawn should be selected and retained, and the Lord should be kept in a living water cage. After it has accumulated to a sufficient quantity, it can be shipped. If the holding time is long, some animal foods such as fish and quail meat should be fed in an appropriate amount to maintain the broiler's physical strength and improve the survival rate of the broodstock. Third, the transport of broodstock broodstock transport of polyethylene plastic oxygen transport, live fish transport, cask transport, dry transport and other methods, the localities can be combined with their actual situation, adopt different modes of transport. Polyethylene bags are oxygenated and transported. This method is suitable for long-distance transport methods. The polyethylene plastic bag is double-layered and has a specification of 7040cm. Each bag can hold about 0.5kg of broodstock. The plastic bag is first filled with clean water. The water occupies 1/3 of the entire bag's volume. Then the shrimp is filled, air is exhausted, oxygen is injected, the bag mouth is tightly tied with a rubber band, and the bag can be shipped after being loaded into the carton. In order to prevent the piercing of the plastic bag from the sharp angle of the shrimp, the tip of the forehead of the shrimp should be cut off. Live fish vehicle transport is a transportation method that is suitable for transport distances and transportation quantities. First, fill the car trunk with fresh water, and then put the broodstock into the shrimp box. Then put the shrimp box into the live fish box and start the air pump to increase oxygen transport. The shrimp box is made of fine steel bars and mesh 0.4-0.5cm polyethylene mesh sheets, and the specifications are 60cm40cm10cm. Before loading the shrimp, first spread a layer of fresh water grass on the bottom of the shrimp box, and then put the green shrimp into it. Put 0.5-1 kg of fresh shrimp into each box, and then tie the shrimp boxes into bundles and discharge them in the car trunk of live fish. Dry transport is suitable for transport methods with relatively close transport distances. First, put a layer of fresh water on the bottom of the bamboo basket, basket or crab seedling box, put a layer of fresh shrimp, and cover it with a layer of water grass. Regularly sprinkling clean water during transportation to maintain a certain humidity. In addition, the transport distance can also be transported in wooden barrels or canvas buckets, and 2.5-3 kg of broodstock can be loaded per 100 kg of water. If using an oxygen cylinder to increase oxygen, the transport density may increase in moderation. Fourth, the broodstock stocking and management of broodstock before stocking, pond water injection 60-80cm, with polyethylene linen net emptying pool 2-3 times, remove aquatic insects and other predators. Planting water peanuts 2-3m away from the water edge of the pool, water peanuts tied into bundles, with bamboo rods fixed on the water every 5m or so, to provide attachment habitat for broodstock. When stocking mature shrimp without eggs, the broodstock can be placed directly in the prepared nursery pond. The broodstock stocking rate is 10kg per mu, and the male and female shrimp stocking ratio is 4:1 or 5:1. After the broodstock enters the pond, feeds such as bran, bean cakes, and minced fish and snail meat are fed. The daily feed accounts for about 5% of the broiler’s body weight. Feeding methods are used to process the feed into a paste, which is used around the pool every evening. "Flood beach" method feeding. In the hatchery nursery stage, 10 cm of fresh water is injected every week to adjust the water quality. For hatching eggs directly, the cage hatching effect is best. The cage was placed on the end of the nursery pond. The hatched young shrimps fell into the water through the mesh. When holding the eggs, when they are stocked, according to the development of the eggs, try to put the eggs with the same color of the egg holding shrimp into the cage of the same nursery pond. The cage is made of a 0.5cm mesh polyethylene mesh, with a size of 6-10m2 and a height of 1-1.2m. The four corners of the cage are fixed with bamboo rods, and the bottom of the cage is evened out. The net part of the cage is left with 40-50cm. If it is an open cage, the water part must be sewn with plastic skin to prevent the shrimp from fleeing. In the cage, fresh aquatic plants such as peanuts, water hyacinths, and acacia are placed, occupying 30% to 40% of the area of ​​the cage. The holding density of cages holding eggs was 0.5 kg/m2, and one hatching cage was placed in each nursery pond. After the eggs enter the box, they should be fed bran, bean cakes, fish and other bait, the daily feeding amount of 3% -4% of the weight of the holding shrimp, divided into two feedings in the afternoon, mainly in the afternoon feeding, accounting for the whole 60% of the day's feed. Management should maintain the smooth flow of water inside and outside the cage to avoid clogging. At the same time, it must also prevent water rat biting the net and remove dead shrimp and contaminants in time. After the broodstock is placed in the nursery ponds and cages, it is necessary to regularly inspect the development of the shrimp eggs. When the color of the eggs of the oviparous shrimps is grayish brown, the nursery ponds will use 150-200 kg of cooked manure per acre as a base fertilizer. Fertilizer quality. When the shrimp hatched and separated from the mother, shrimp cages and cages were used to catch broodstock in the nursery pool or remove hatch cages from the nursery ponds, followed by cultivation of the young shrimps. Fifth, the development of shrimp seedlings from hatching to hatch into 1-1.5cm larvae takes about 30 days. When a large number of first-stage juveniles of green shrimp appear in the nursery pond, the whole pool splashes soy milk as a supplementary bait for the shrimp seedlings. Every day, 3 kg of soybeans are used per acre, 50 kg of soybean milk is ground, and 2-3 shots of soybean milk are splashed. 5-7 days, 100-150kg of Mushi cooked manure, as top dressing, to maintain water transparency 30-40cm. After 10 to 15 days of cultivation, the shrimp grows to 0.6-0.8cm. In addition to the daily splash of soy milk, artificial feed should be added. Artificial bait should be formulated with feed. Nutrition is comprehensive, and the size of the hatched shrimp is uniform. Daily feeding amounts to 4% to 5% of the weight of the shrimp seedlings. Feeding methods are used to put bait in the shallow water near the pool in the evening. After about half a month of feeding, shrimp can grow into 1-1.5cm of prawns. In the shrimp cultivation process, fresh water is added 10-20cm every day for 5-7 days to regulate water quality. Sixth, shrimp fishing and transport shrimp shrimp fishing methods are dip net fishing and fishing. The dip-net fishing is made using a 40-mesh sieve to make a triangular dip net, which is repeatedly captured under light water or trapped with light. The net is made of polyethylene net cloth, and the mesh size is based on the principle of no leakage of shrimp. Pull the net speed slowly and evenly, it is forbidden that the shrimp seedlings are affixed to the net; when the net is collected, the action should be brisk, the debris in the net should be promptly removed, and the shrimp seedlings should be moved into a fresh water holding box to be sampled for shipment. Shrimp transport methods are polyethylene bag oxygenation transport and barrel barrel transport. The method of oxygenation of plastic bags is similar to that of fry. The stocking densities of shrimps are determined according to the transport time, water temperature and shrimp seedling size. Under normal circumstances, each bag can be shipped with 4000-5000 larvae of 1.5cm larvae and 5000-8000 larvae of 1cm larvae. Barrel transportation is only suitable for short-distance transport. The amount of water contained in the barrel is half of the barrel volume. 5000 pieces of shrimp can be installed for every 20kg of water. In the process of transportation of shrimps and shrimps, the water temperature is relatively high and should be transported as soon as possible in the morning and evening when the temperature is low. The transportation water should be fresh and free from pollution, and the sun and rain should be prevented during transportation. After the shrimp and shrimp are transported to Tangkou, the temperature difference between the temperature of the water in the stocked shrimp and the temperature of the transport water must be adjusted. Generally, the entire plastic bag can be placed in the culture pond water for 15 to 20 minutes. After the water temperature is basically the same, the plastic bag is opened and the seedling is opened. . Put the seedlings as far as possible in sheltered or upwind position. Where conditions permit, shrimp should first be placed in cages in the pond and fed with egg yolk to satietize the pond to enhance the adaptability of the shrimp to the new culture environment and improve the survival rate of the shrimp. .
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