First, the choice of breeding superior cattle species 1, the choice of species. Most of the current dairy breeds are black-and-white dairy cows. In the actual production process, Holstein, a foreign breed of dairy cows, can also be used as a male parent to carry out crossbreeding. 2, the choice of dairy cows. For milk cows, the outlines of side view, look-ahead and rear view tend to be triangular, and the hindquarters are significantly developed. It is capped, short, shiny, thin, and elastic. Less subcutaneous fat, blood vessels, breast development, round. Individual dairy cows have 3 or more milk wells. This is a sign of more branches of the milk veins, and these milk cows generally have high milk production. At the time of purchase, brucellosis and tuberculosis should be checked. Second, the use of scientific breeding technology 1, feed to be a variety of collocations. Feeds for dairy cows should be based on green, succulent feeds and quality hay. Nutrient supplements should be supplemented with concentrates and other minor additives. According to the dry matter, the green and blue succulent feed can account for 50%, the roughage feed 30%, and the concentrate feed 20%. In particular, dairy cows should strive to diversify their diets during the dairy period. At least two or more kinds of roughage such as hay, rice straw, or corn bran should be required. Two to three types of juicy materials such as silage, carrots, beets, etc., and 3-4 kinds of concentrates Material such as cornmeal, bran, bean cake, barley and other components. Conditions can also feed some bean curd residue, brewers' grains, pear peels and other auxiliary materials that are good for milk production. 2, pay attention to feeding methods. Feeding cows must be quantified regularly, and high-yield cows must be kept according to their characteristics and preferences. Some like to eat dry material, and some like to eat wet material, should use different methods of modulation to meet their needs. The number of feedings per day is the same as the number of milkings. Generally, milking 3 times a day and feeding 3 times. The feeding sequence is generally given as concentrate, juiciness, green feed, silage, hay, etc. Do not change easily after growing habits. 3, drinking water should be sufficient. Dairy cows that produce 50 kilograms of milk daily need about 50-75 kilograms of water. If there is insufficient drinking water, milk production will be directly affected. At least 4-5 times a day should be given to the cattle drinking water, hot summer days, should increase drinking water to 5-6 times. There should be a water tank in the stadium, often filled with clear water, so that cattle can drink at any time. The water temperature in winter should not be too low, and warm water can be used if necessary. Third, do a good job of dairy cows daily management 1, to ensure adequate exercise. Milk-producing cows can enhance their physical fitness through exercise. In particular, cows must be fed to ensure proper exercise capacity. If they do not exercise enough, they can easily become body fat, affect milk production and fecundity, and even produce obstetric diseases such as dystocia and placental retention. Therefore, for dairy cows, in addition to persisting 2-3 hours of driving away every day, every sunny day after milking and feeding should also be put on the playground to allow them to move freely. 2, often brushing cattle body. The purpose of brushing is to increase the metabolism of the cow and improve blood circulation. Adhere to brushing 1-2 times a day, time is before milking. In hot summer, you can use water to brush dirty parts of the excrement or soil, and try to dry the brush as cold as possible to prevent colds. 3, do a good job of sunstroke and cold work. In summer, the cows are mainly cooled by sunstroke. Conditional fans can be installed in the house to speed up the airflow. Relative humidity is below 85%. The roof of the cowshed should be equipped with a sprinkler head to spray water on the cattle to help the cow body to dissipate heat. In winter, the cowshed insulation is mainly windproof, paying particular attention to the invasion of the draught or thieves and avoiding excessive humidity. In addition, warm water should be given to the cattle, and the water temperature should be at least 12°C.
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