The summer sowing period coincides with the “three summers†busy season. The under-employed farmers are all planted in the absence of soil preparation. The nutrients needed for soybeans depend on the nutrient residue of the former crops in the soil and during the growth of soybeans. top dressing. Therefore, top dressing plays an important role in increasing soybean yield. The top dressing techniques are as follows:
Early application of Miaosu soybeans requires absorption of nutrients from the soil immediately after emergence. Although the amount of fertilizer required is not large, because soybean root nodules are still in the formation stage, the nitrogen fixation ability is very weak. If the supply of nitrogen nutrients is insufficient, seedlings are easily produced. "Hunger" phenomenon, causing poor growth, is bound to affect the early emergence of strong seedlings, is not conducive to high soybean yield. Early recovery of Miaofei can promote the growth of roots and leaves, so that young stems thick, axillary buds differentiate rapidly. Generally, when the first compound leaf is unfolded, 3 to 5 kg of urea is recovered per mu. Nitrogen fertilizer application should not be excessive, excessive nitrogen fixation can inhibit the development of rhizobia, is not conducive to high soybean yield. Soybean seedlings are more sensitive to phosphorus response. Appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer at the seedling stage is beneficial to promote the formation and development of soybean nodules. Generally, 7.5-15 kg of superphosphate is applied per acre, and cultivators are applied after spreading.
The use of flowering soybeans during the flowering period is the period during which soybeans absorb most nutrients. Applying appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer before flowering or early flowering can reduce the loss of calyx, which has obvious effect on yield increase and can increase production by about 20%. Generally, 5~7.5 kg of urea per acre is used. After the dew is dry, the fertilizer will be applied and then cultivated. If the soil is fertile and the plants grow robust, they should chase or not chase nitrogen to prevent leggy. If the application of phosphate fertilizer during planting is insufficient, it should be supplemented at this time. Apply 7 to 10 kg of calcium phosphate per acre.
After spraying granulated soybeans into the pod blasting stage, the nitrogen fixation capacity and root vigor of the rhizobia gradually decline and the ability of sucking fertilizers weakens. At this time, foliar spray fertilizer should be used to supplement the nutrients so as to increase the source of Zhuangzi and reduce shedding. Soybean yield and quality. Generally use 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution per acre of 50 kilograms, select the cloudy day or sunny evening spray evenly on the soybean leaves, spray once every 7 to 10 days, and even spray 2 or 3 times. If the plant has a phenomenon of premature denitrification, add 0.5 kg of urea per mu.
Applying micronutrient trace elements is also indispensable for soybean growth and development. If soybeans lack magnesium, the old leaves are grayish green, and yellow spots are produced between veins. The 0.5% magnesium sulfate solution should be sprayed on the leaves in time. The lack of manganese in soybeans is first manifested in the new leaves. The rest of the leaves except the veins are yellow. To promptly spray 0.05% manganese sulfate solution; soybean lack of molybdenum, young leaves were yellow-green, chlorosis appears between the veins and swollen downward curl, should be promptly sprayed 0.05% ammonium molybdate solution. Foliage spray fertilizer use less, can be sprayed in intervals of 7 to 10 days, and even spray 2 or 3 times. In addition, soybeans are also sensitive to boron, and boron deficiency will affect normal growth and development, resulting in the loss of calyx, which can be sprayed with 0.2% borax solution once at the seedling stage and early flowering stage, respectively.
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