In the face of a large tomato planted for 15 years in a row, people in the southern lying stone village chose to plant a pair of tomatoes or a pair of tomatoes and a bell pepper to counteract the dysentery disorder. However, due to the lack of understanding of the obstacles, it is still difficult to completely solve the problem. Therefore:
In the 15th year of planting tomatoes, people in South Laokushi Village have realized the dangers of replanting crops. They know that crop rotation is a method to solve heavy crops. However, tomatoes and sweet peppers belong to the family Solanaceae. Although this kind of planting method can improve some of the obstacles, it cannot be completely solved. On the basis of the implementation of the second-year planting, the emphasis on soil improvement is the most effective way to solve the obstacles.
The main obstacles in rehashing are mainly in the soil. The following five points can be summarized:
The first is lack of nutrition. For many years, the same crop has been planted continuously. Because the crops have their own favorite nutrients, if this element is consumed after years, if you do not pay attention to supplement this element, it will easily lead to deficiency of the disease.
The second is the change in soil structure and pH. For long-term continuous cropping, the soil humus is reduced, and the granule structure is easily destroyed. Changes in the microbial population in the soil may lead to changes in soil acidity and alkalinity.
Third, the number of pests and diseases has increased. In particular, soil-borne diseases and subterranean pests accumulate due to continuous cropping for many years, which can easily cause sudden outbreaks of certain pests and diseases.
The fourth is the accumulation of salts. Due to long-term continuous cropping and improper fertilization, soil nutrient loss or salt accumulation can easily occur. In particular, the excessive application of chemical fertilizers and the use of chemical fertilizers to substitute organic fertilizers for the wrong fertilization methods cause salt accumulation and serious formation of saline-alkali soils.
Fifth, increased autotoxicity. Under normal growth conditions, crop roots secrete toxic substances, and microorganisms in the soil release harmful substances. After many years of continuous cropping, when the soil harmful substances reach a certain critical concentration, they will cause toxic effects.
To solve the problem of prostitution, we must also start from the soil and start from the ground up.
One is to re-apply organic fertilizers and to fully decompose them. Organic fertilizer can improve the soil; it can supply enough nutrients for the vegetables for a long time; it can improve the soil fertility to avoid soil fatigue; it can cultivate beneficial microorganisms and improve the disease resistance of vegetables. At the same time, the combination of summer high-temperature stuffy sheds not only promotes the full decomposition of organic fertilizers, but also kills many pathogens in the soil and organic fertilizers and improves the soil. To grow tomatoes and bell peppers, the amount of organic fertilizer such as chicken manure applied every year should be 10-15 m3/mu. Summer high temperature stuffy sheds should choose a good part of the weather, using a combination of wet and dry shed way. The enclosed areas are closed, do not water dry dries for 7-10 days, and then water once wet stuffy, it takes 20-30 days to fully decompose the organic fertilizer to reach the effect of high temperature stuffy shed.
Second, acupuncture or application of biological bacteria fertilizer, such as dead tree roots and antibiotics - 968 seedlings die, etc., to create a favorable soil environment for crop roots, to reduce the pathogen infection of the root system , Degradation of soil salt damage.
The third is to pay attention to the addition of trace elements. Continuous cropping can cause the depletion of trace elements in the soil. Therefore, in addition to applying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers in accordance with the law of fertilizer requirements of crops, attention should be paid to the addition of trace elements. After all, the “least nutrient law†tells us that vegetable production does not follow. Some nutrients that are used in excess are increased, but with relatively low levels of "minimum nutrients," they should first be supplemented by the scarcity of trace elements. This kind of fertilization is more specific and more targeted. It is an ideal way to avoid obstacles to rearing and improve the yield of vegetables.
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