Integrated control of diseases and pests of fruit trees
Improve fruit quality, pest control is a key technical measure. Adhere to the principle of prevention as the main, early cure, and small treatment, so that the good fruit rate of more than 96%, 1-2 fruit rate of more than 90%, the leaf intact rate of 90%.
1Strengthening cultivation and management measures
Strengthening cultivation and management is the fundamental and most economical method, which can increase the resistance of the tree and effectively control the infection. Reasonable fertilization and irrigation and drainage can increase tree vigor, reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, improve orchard hygiene, and promptly search for and remove pests and shoots, remove diseased fruits and fruit and insects, and reduce the source of infection.
2 Do a good job of timely prevention and control
The prevention and control effect is best when the pest resistance is weak, the exposure is most obvious, or the worm body colonies live. Based on forecasting and forecasting, the critical period of prevention and control is grasped according to the occurrence of pests. For example, in the hatching period of nymphs, nymphs are concentrated and do not secrete mucus. The liquid can directly contact the body. At this time, the rate of killing is the highest.
3 Scientific use of pesticides
Because the farmers used a single drug in the prevention and control, many kinds of diseases and insect pests produced obvious drug resistance and the control effect was reduced. Therefore, pesticides should be used scientifically. The first is to use pesticides alternately, exchange them with agents that have not been applied or cross-resistance, in order to improve the control effect. In order to prevent pear black spot disease, the first time it can be sprayed with lime sulfur in the early spring, the second time it is sprayed, and the third time it is sprayed with Bordeaux. In this way, the use of bactericidal strong bactericidal special in the early stage, the use of protective Bordeaux fluid later, increased the control effect. The second is the mixed use of pesticides. The use of pesticides with similar physical and chemical properties can increase the effectiveness of prevention and control, and can also prevent multiple pests and insects, such as pesticides or mixed with fungicides. Third, add synergists and adhesives in pesticides. The commonly used synergists include synergistic phosphorus, synergistic powder, etc.; adhesives use neutral laundry detergent.
4 Improve the quality of spray
The level of spray quality is directly related to the control effect. When spraying, it should ensure that the front and back sides of the blade, the inside and outside of the canopy, including the trunk should be sprayed carefully, to prevent leakage.
5 Implement joint defense and governance
At present, the orchards are managed by individual households and managed independently. Therefore, concentrative contiguous orchards, fruit farmers and farmers should conduct joint prevention and treatment, and spray pesticides within a certain period of time, so as to reduce the incidence of pests and diseases caused by the one-off rule of another household. Infection, retransmission, and avoidance of repeated prevention and treatment.
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