Biopesticides refer to pesticides produced by biological production. The active ingredients are extracts of organisms or organisms. These active ingredients directly or indirectly affect pests and diseases. It mainly includes microorganisms (viruses, bacteria and fungi), plant-derived pesticides (Azadirachtin, nicotine, pyrethrum, etc.), entomopathogenic nematodes, secondary metabolites (antibiotics) of microorganisms, and pheromones. In general, biological pesticides are living organisms and have reproductive capacity, but they may also be chemical substances extracted from dead organisms. The main advantages of biological pesticides and chemical pesticides are as follows: First, they are effective in preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests. They are non-toxic to humans, do not pollute the environment, and have no residues. The second is that the specificity of the pests is strong and does not harm natural enemies and beneficial organisms, which is conducive to maintaining the ecological balance. Third, the production of raw materials and active ingredients are natural products that can return to nature without polluting the environment. The fourth is to use biotechnology and genetic engineering methods to transform and continuously improve its performance and quality. Fifth, a variety of factors and components play a role, pests and pathogens are difficult to produce drug resistance.
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