Astragalus is one of the traditional luxury aquatic products in China. Its meat is delicate and delicious. It not only has high food value, but also has excellent medicinal value. It is also one of the export-oriented varieties and is favored by consumers. The market price is firm and the outlook is promising.
In recent years, due to the use of a large number of toxic pesticides and excessive overfishing, wild astragalus resources have declined. In order to meet the demand of urban and rural residents for Huanghua and ensure the effective supply of the market, the city’s aquatic product workers have carefully explored and summed up the local actual conditions and market conditions, and have continuously improved and formed the “pond aquaculture technology for cage cultureâ€. The breeding techniques are introduced as follows:
I. Pond conditions and water requirements The conventional aquarium has a water depth of more than 1m and adequate water resources.
II. Making and setting up cages
1. Production of cages: Square-opening fixed cages with a height of 1.2m and a length-to-width ratio of l: (1 to 3) are made of 30 mesh polyethylene mesh sheets and have an area of ​​25-30 square meters.
2. Setting of cages: Use bamboos to set up brackets in the pond and fix the cages horizontally on the supports. The cages should be filled with 70 cm of water. The boxes are filled with water peanuts. Keep a certain distance between the box and the box to facilitate feeding and daily management.
3, the number of ponds set cages: depending on the size of the pond, bait conditions, matching conditions, cages can be more or less, the general area of ​​the cage area of ​​about 1 / 10 ponds.
Third, the kind of stocking
1. Seed sources: In the case of artificially propagated alfalfa species that have not been supplied in bulk, the wild alfalfa species that are still caught in cages and cages are dominant. However, you cannot use hook fishing or electro-acquisition. It is best to use a yellow color that has a large yellow dot or yellow color. The species should be transported with water, transport time should be short, but also to avoid sorghum transportation.
2. Stocking specifications and time: The species requires a strong body, neat specifications, a smooth body surface, and no disease or injury. Can be stocked throughout the year, but the survival rate of stocking before and after May is higher, and the survival rate of stocking is relatively low from June to July. Stocks of 30-40 fish/kg before May, and stocking specifications of 20 to 30 fish/kg after August.
3. Stocking density: The stocking amount is generally about 2kg/m2, and the maximum stocking rate is 5-6kg/m2. The specifications in the same cage should be as tidy as possible so as to avoid food residue.
4. Sterilization of quail species: In order to reduce the incidence of disease and increase the survival rate before the species is stocked, it must be disinfected. Disinfection methods include:
(1) Use 10mg/L malachite green solution to wash and soak for 20-30 minutes;
(2) 10 to 20 minutes with 10~20mg/L potassium permanganate solution.
Fourth, bait feed generally small fish, oysters, snails, oyster meat, fly maggots, cocoon mainly, but also fed artificial compound feed. After three days, the wax seed box was not fed and three days later, domestication was started and the well was completed within 7-10 days. Daily feeding depends on water quality conditions, environmental conditions, weather, and season. Generally, the daily feed intake before January is 5%-6% of the total weight of Astragalus, and 7%-8% in June-August, 9-11. The month is 4%-6%.
In the rearing process, the same type of feed is generally used to reduce the number of tame foods, shorten the time for domestication, and ensure that yellow wax eats enough, eats well, and eats habits.
V. Daily management
1. Keep the water level stable: prevent the cage from flooding or the tank from entering into shallow water.
2. Keep the water fresh: Change water frequently to prevent domestic sewage and industrial sewage from flowing into the pond.
3. Do a good job of “fighting against fleeing, rodents, and burglarsâ€: always inspect the cabinet and repair the holes in time; cut off the water peanuts that grow too prosperous to prevent the water inside the box from growing out of the box and flee.
Sixth, disease prevention
1. Turnip disease: Carcass damage caused by bacterial infection. Many round or oval red spots appear on the body surface, and the skin is eroded, especially on both sides of the abdomen. The prevention and treatment method is to feed 0.5g of sulfathiazole per 50kg of astragalus to the human feed, once a day, for 5~7 days as a course of treatment.
2. Bacterial mildew: due to excessive stocking density, improper operation, or jaundice caused by insufficient feed, the wound is infected with mold. The treatment method is to use lOmg/L malachite green foam for 20 to 30 minutes.
3. Tail disease: Inflammation and congestion of the tail of the disease, followed by muscle rot and necrosis, resulting in rotten tail or tail muscles, exposed tailbone. Treatment can use lmg / L furazolidone or 0.25 units / ml chlortetracycline liquid disinfected fish.
4. Tawny-head disease: caused by the gut worm's parasitic intestinal tract, when a large number of parasites, the corpus callosum weight loss, accompanied by edema, anal swelling, severe disease death. The prevention and treatment method is to use 90% of the crystal trichlorfon 0.1g per kg of jaundice. The bait was fed for 6 consecutive days.
Seven, experience
1. Pond set up cage culture Astragalus membranaceus technology is to make full use of fish pond surface resources, make full use of natural alfalfa resources, make full use of wild fish resources, thus increase production and increase income. It is a low investment, quick effect, low risk, efficiency The high rural poverty alleviation creates a new type of project.
2. Breeding practice has proved that ponds are equipped with cage-cultured jaundice technology. It is not only suitable for large-scale pond aquaculture, but also adapted to a small-scale breeding behind a house front door. This technology shows a strong vitality. Under the current situation of low conventional fish aquaculture, its promotion has a greater significance and prospects. good
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