Pepper Non-pollution Cultivation Techniques

l, scope

This standard stipulates the environmental conditions, cultivation techniques, harvesting, and subsequent management of the production environment of pollution-free peppers. This standard is applicable to the production of pollution-free hot peppers in protected areas and open areas.

2, reference standards

The provisions contained in the following standards form the provisions of this standard by reference in this standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards will be revised, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest version of the following standards.

GBl6715.3-1999 Melon crop seeds Solanum

Pollution-free agricultural product origin eco-environmental quality standard

Pollution-free vegetable product quality standards

GB4285 "Pesticide Safety Use Standard"

GB8321.1-GB8321.5 "Pesticide reasonable use guidelines 1-5"

Guidelines for the Use of Fertilizer for Non-environmental Vegetable Production (Trial)

3, the production site environmental conditions

3.1 Environmental conditions

3.1.1 Landscape Environment Requirements for landscape conditions are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Indicators of Environmental Pollution in Producing Areas of Harmless Agricultural Products

Project indicators (m)

Expressway, National Highway ≥ 900

Local main road ≥500

Hospital, living pollution source ≥2000

Industrial and mining enterprises ≥1000

3.1.2 Before the last three years, no cotton was planted, and the continuous cultivation of conventional (non-pollution) facility crops did not exceed three years. The former crop was a non-vegetarian vegetable crop.

3.2 Soil conditions

Deep soil layer, flat terrain, convenient irrigation and drainage, suitable soil structure, good physicochemical properties, organic matter content of 15g/kg or more, alkaline nitrogen content of more than 70MG/kg, available phosphorus content of more than 50MG/kg, available potassium content of more than 100MG/kg , Soil pH 6-7.5, soil total salt content must not exceed 3 g / kg.

3.3 Irrigation conditions

3.3.1 The groundwater source irrigation shall be prohibited in the plain agricultural areas. The depth of groundwater source irrigation shall be greater than 50m.

3.3.2 There is no available ground water for industrial and mining pollution in the upstream of mountainous agricultural areas.

3.4 Environmental Quality

Meet the requirements of environmental quality standards for the production environment of pollution-free agricultural products.

3.5 Hazardous material management

Poisonous and harmful pesticides, herbicides, regulators, hormones and other dangerous substances should be subject to strict management regulations and should not be stored indoors or in the fields.

4, output indicators

The standard output is 37500kg-60000kg/ha (2500-4000kg/667m2).

5, pollution-free cultivation measures

The cultivation measures not described in this article are still implemented according to conventional cultivation measures.

5.1 seeds

5.1.1 Variety Selection Pepper varieties with good quality, high yield, disease resistance, insect resistance, strong resistance, wide adaptability, and good commercial quality are selected.

5.1.2 Seed quality meets the requirements of GBl6715.3.

5.1.3 Special Seed Requirements The use of transgenic pepper varieties is rejected.

5.2 Seed Processing

There are 3 methods as follows, one of which can be selected according to the disease.

a) Seed the seeds at 70°C for 72h or soaked in 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 20 minutes, or formalin 300 times for 30 minutes, or 1% potassium permanganate solution for 20 minutes, remove and rinse. After germination (antivirus disease).

b) soak in seeds in 55°C warm water for 30 minutes, cool in cold water, and then sow germination; or soak seeds in cold water for 1020 hours, then soak in seeds with 1% copper sulfate solution for 5 minutes: or use 50% carbendazim wettability Dust soaked in 500 times for 1 h; or soaked for 5 h with 72.2% Preclox 800x liquid, washed and dried to germination (epidemic disease and anthracnose).

c) Dressing with 50% ceric acid copper (DT) wettable powder with 0.3% seeds, or soaking with 10mjn with 55° warm water, or soaking with 1% copper sulfate solution for 5 minutes, removing and washing after sowing (Anti-soft rot, scab).

5.3 Cultivation of disease-free strong seedlings

5.3.1 nursery site nursery site should be isolated from the production field. There are greenhouses, shed Yangshuo or nursery nursery.

5.3.2 Application of Seedling Soil Preparation Garden soil that has not been planted with Solanaceae vegetables in the past 3-5 years is mixed with high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer. The proportion of organic fertilizer is not less than 30%.

5.3.3 disinfection of nursery beds, there are the following two methods, you can choose one.

a) 30-50 mL of formalin per square meter, 3 L of water sprayed on the bed, and the seedbed is sealed with a film for 5 days, and then sowed 15 days after the removal of the film.

b) Mix 50% carbendazim WP and 50% thiram wettable powder 1:1, or mix 25% metalaxyl wettable powder and 70% dexamethasone wettable powder 9:1. The 8-10 g per square meter seedbed is mixed with 15-30 g of fine soil, and the 1/3 seedbed is sown in the seedbed, and 2/3 is placed on the seed.

5.3.4 The use of mulching root nursery using nutrients, paper bags and other methods to protect the root seedlings.

5.3.5 Strengthen the seedling management The seedlings shall be seeded in appropriate periods, and the seedlings shall be suitably ventilated to prevent leggy growers and the pests and diseases shall be timely removed.

5.4 fixed value

5.4.1 Soil preparation Fertilization combined with soil preparation, apply 4,000-6000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 40-50 kg of diammonium phosphate and 10-15 kg of potassium sulfate per 667 square meters.

5.4.2 pest control measures during the colonization period

5.4.2.1 Suppression of Insect Infestation Nets Vents in greenhouses are sealed with nylon mesh to prevent pests from entering.

5.4.2.2 Silver-plated gray plastic film to avoid the laying of silver gray plastic film per 667 square meters 5kG or silver gray film strip (about 10-15 cm wide) hanging around the greenhouse, spacing of about 10cm.

5.4.2.3 Disinfection of greenhouses In time, the residual crops, rotten leaves, and diseased-disease residues of the former crops are removed. Before sowing or planting, the soil is deep-turned into the sheds, and the soil is sterilized by using solar energy for 7 days. Every 667 square meters of greenhouse with sulfur powder 2-3kg, dichlorvos 0.25kg mixed with sawdust to ignite, then closed fumigation overnight, ventilated, odorless use. The applied farm tools are all put into the greenhouse for common disinfection. The greenhouse can be disinfected by flooding during the summer season.

5.5 Management after Planting

5.5.1 After catching fertilizer and pepper to sit, combined with watering ditching or applying urea, 15kg per 667m2, or 50kg of cooked cakes. The fruit harvesting period is combined with watering topdressing diammonium sulfate 15-60kg per 667 square meters. Into the full fruit period after every 7-10 days, pouring a small water, every time after the water chase a fertilizer, every 667 square meters of urea 5-10Kg, potassium sulfate 8-l0kg or cooked cake fat 50kg.

5.2.2 Watering It is forbidden to use flood irrigation and cloudy watering in the evening to promote irrigation under the membrane.

5.5.3 The management of the field shall be timely and pruning. The ventilation shall be strengthened, the cultivating and weeding shall be carried out, and the yellow diseased leaves shall be removed.

5.6 Pest Control After Planting

5.6.1 Agricultural control The serious diseased plants shall be removed timely, the diseased leaves and diseased fruits shall be removed and brought out of the field to be burned or buried deeply.

5.6.2 yellow plate trapping kill aphid with 100cmx20cm cardboard, coated with yellow paint, while coating with a layer of motor oil, or hanging yellow tapeworm adhesive tape, hanging in rows or between plants, higher than the top of the plant, about 30 per 667 square meters - 40 pieces, when the yellow board is full of maggots, re-coat a layer of oil, usually 7-10 days re-coating 1 time.

5.6.3 Pharmacy control and protection The priority is to use the dust method and the smoke method, and in the fine weather, it can also be sprayed and controlled, pay attention to the rotation of the drug, and mix it rationally.

5.6.3.1 Blight

a) At the beginning of the disease, 45% chlorothalonil aerosol can be used to seal the fumigation in the greenhouse. The dosage of 250-300g per 667 square meters can be used for 7 days. The disease can be fumigated continuously for 3-4 times.

b) Spray with 5% chlorothalonil dust, 1 kg of powder per 667 square meters, 7 times a day for 2-3 consecutive times.

c) In the initial stage of disease, spray with 64% antitoxic WP 500 times, or 58% ledomil. Manganese Zn wettable powder 500 times, 70% EB Phosphorous 500 times.

d) After the discovery of the central disease strain in the middle and late period, use 50% methicone wettable powder 800 times, 72.2% Precike 600-800 times, 64% antitoxic WP 500 times, or 58% Lei. A 500-fold solution of Dumir Manganese Zinc WP wetted the roots of the diseased plants.

5.6.3.2 Anthrax

a) Fumigation in protected areas. See 5.6.3.1 in a

b) Maintain dusting. See 5.6.3.1 in b

c) In the initial stage of disease, use 10% Shigao water dispersible granules 800-1500 times or 50% mixed sulfur suspension 500 times, 80% carbon in Fumei WP 600-800 times, 1:1:200 times Bordeaux fluid, 75% Dakkoning (chlorothalonil) WP 600 times spray, 7-10 days 1, sprayed 2-3 times.

5.6.3.3 Viral disease

a) Early control of aphids. With 10% imidacloprid wet powder 1500 times, or 25% Aktai water dispersible granules 5000-10000 times, or 40% EC 1000-2000 times spray control.

b) The initial incidence of 20% of the virus A wettable powder 400 times liquid, or 1.5% of the Lingzhi emulsion 1000 times, every 7-10 days spray 1, even spray 3-4 times;

5.6.3.4 Scars at the beginning of the onset of the use of 72% of the streptomycin soluble powder of 4000 times, 50% of copper citrate copper wettable powder (DT fungicide) 500 times, neomycin, 4000-5000 times, 14 5% ammonia solution of copper and water agent 300 times, or 77% can kill 500 times the spray of wet micro-particles spray, interval 7-10 days 1, even spray 2-3 times.

5.6.3.5 Helicoverpa armigera When the number of eggs per 100 eggs reaches 20-30 capsules, the drug is used. 200 times Bt emulsion, 1.80 times 1.8% abamectin EC, 25% dilute 5% CPT, or 50% symplectic Phosphorus EC 1000 times spray control.

5.6.3.6 Assay for tobacco budworm See 5.6.3.6.

6, harvest and follow-up management

6.1 Harvesting

The tools used in the harvesting process should be clean, hygienic and non-polluting.

6.2 Packing, Transport, Storage

Implement relevant regulations for the quality standards of pollution-free vegetable products.

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