First, fertilizer-free technology of fertilizer-free vegetables
1. Fertilizer type
1 farmyard fertilizer: such as compost, manure, methane fertilizer, green manure, crop straw, mud, cake fat and so on. Among them, high-temperature composting should be strongly promoted.
2 Biological bacterial fertilizer: including humic acid fertilizer, rhizobia fertilizer, phosphorus bacteria fertilizer, compound microbial fertilizer and so on.
3 inorganic mineral fertilizers: such as mineral potassium and potassium sulfate, mineral phosphate fertilizer.
4 Trace Element Fertilizer: Fertilizer mainly composed of copper, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum and other trace elements and beneficial elements.
5 other fertilizers: such as bone meal, amino acid residues, livestock processing waste, sugar factory waste.
2, matters needing attention
1 The use of nitrate nitrogen fertilizers is prohibited. Different types of vegetables, the degree of nitrate accumulation is very different, usually leaf vegetables than vegetables, vegetables than fruit vegetables. In addition, the nitrate content of the same vegetable under different climatic conditions is also different. Under normal high temperature and strong light, the accumulation of nitrate is less. On the contrary, under low temperature and weak light, a large amount of nitrate is accumulated. In the process of fertilization, the types of vegetables, cultivation season and climatic conditions should be taken into consideration. A reasonable amount of chemical fertilizer should be mastered to ensure that the nitrate content is within the regulated range of nuisance-free vegetables.
2 control the amount, generally no more than 25 kilograms per acre. The application of biological nitrogen fertilizer is one of the effective ways to solve restricted chemical fertilizers. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers have obvious effects on increasing the stress resistance of vegetables, and they have more pronounced effects on tubers such as potato, Jerusalem artichoke, sweet potato, and ginger. Therefore, during the growing period of vegetables, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be added.
3 Use less foliar spray fertilizer. Fertilizers must be applied in conjunction with organic fertilizers. The ratio of organic nitrogen to inorganic nitrogen is 2:1.
4 urine and manure should be fully fermented and fermented. After top dressing, it should be poured with clean water.
5 Early application and deep application can reduce nitrogen volatilization, extend fertilizer supply time, and increase nitrogen utilization rate. Early application will help the plant grow faster and longer, prolong the effect of fertilizer, and reduce the accumulation of nitrate. The general ammonium nitrogen is applied to the soil below 6 cm and the urea is applied to soil below 10 cm.
6 The topdressing of fertilizers should be carried out 30 days before harvest.
Second, pest control technology
1, vegetation ash liquid pests: per acre with 10 kg of plant ash to 50 kg of water soak for 24 hours, take the filtrate spray can effectively control aphids, yellow pests. If appropriate amount of trichlorfon is added to the herbicide ash, the contact and fumigation of the liquid medicine can be enhanced and the control effect can be improved. If onions, garlic, leeks are affected by flies, onion fly maggots, every 667 square meters of planting or spreading plant ash 20 kg to 30 kg, both the treatment of lice and increase production.
2, tobacco worm method: tobacco insecticide, safe and pollution-free, raw materials, a wide range, low cost, strong insecticidal, it is mainly used to control locusts, wax, fly maggots and so on. Before the preparation, the tobacco and water were weighed in a ratio of 1:40. The tobacco leaf was shredded and then soaked in 10 parts of boiling water and capped. When the water temperature dropped to about 20°C, the soaked tobacco leaves were rubbed until no more darkness was achieved. Remove the tobacco leaves from the juice and put it into the other 10 parts of water and continue rubbing it for 4 times. The filter residue will be taken out of the tobacco leaves. The remaining 10 parts will not continue to be rubbed after 4 times. The filter residue will be extracted and the tobacco juice will be completely mixed for pest control in the field. About 50 kg per acre.
3, castor leaf insecticide method: ramie raw materials are readily available, the insecticidal effect is good, after spraying, there is also the effect of organic fertilizer on the crop. This method can effectively prevent vegetable worms, cabbage caterpillars, maggots, ground tigers, beetles, diamondback moth and other pests. The ramie leaf pod juice can be added with water 3-5 times, and the leaf surface is sprayed after soaking for 12 hours. It is also possible to add 3-5 times water to the ramie leaves and spray the leaves after soaking for 12 hours. The castor leaves can also be dried and ground and mixed with soil. Castor oil can also be added to water 5 times, soaked for 12 hours soaking, when the choice of the application of sunny yellow stray spray, 20-40 kg per mu liquid, pay attention to with the use.
4. The urine-washing mixture for cooking vegetables: The detergent is made of detergent powder, urea, and water at a ratio of 1:4:400. The control of vegetable worms has a pesticidal rate of more than 90%.
5, brown sugar liquid disease prevention: 300 grams of brown sugar dissolved in 500 ml of clean water, add 10 grams of white yeast, placed in a greenhouse or greenhouse, stirring once a day, fermentation 15 days to 20 days until the surface of the white film layer until. Then add 100 grams of rice vinegar and shochu liquor to this broth, 100 kilograms of water, once every 10 days, and spray 4 times to 5 times to prevent and control cucumber bacterial spot disease and gray mold.
6, pig bile liquid pest: 10% concentration of pig bile plus appropriate amount of baking soda, detergent, can prevent eggplant blight, pepper anthrax, can drive long bean, green beans, melons and other vegetables on the aphid , cabbage caterpillars, snails and other pests. The dilution can be maintained for 10 days.
7, rabbit feces governance tiger: 1 kilogram of rabbit manure per 10 kilograms of water, into the tile cylinder seal pods 15 days to 20 days, stir with time, pouring in the roots of vegetables, can prevent tigers.
8, lime in addition to snails: the low-lying season of the rainy season, soil moisture, vegetables growing vegetables, susceptible to snail damage, the general use of chemical control is difficult to work. Grab the fine weather of dry air or dry cloudy air on the cloudy day. Spread the dry fine lime powder that has been sieved on the surface of Lake or between the rows of vegetables. When the snail climbs over, the lime on the body will cause its soft body to dry and lose water, but it will be ineffective on this rainy day.
9, flour paste sticky red spider: take 250 grams of flour, add 2 kg of water to adjust the humidity, on the basin or barrel, then add 8 kg of boiling water to mix thoroughly, after cooling directly sprayed on the back of the leaves damaged by spider mites, About 10 minutes later, Starscream will be stuck in the batter and die. Spray time is preferably after 2 pm.
10. Insect pest control method: from the field to capture the dead cabbage insects 10O grams, 200 grams of water added after soaking, 24 hours after the filter to take clear liquid, diluted with 50 kilograms of clean water, plus 50 grams of detergent mixed thoroughly, sprayed on The vegetables damaged by cabbage caterpillars have significant control effects.
Hebei Abiding Co.Ltd, a professional food supplier, was established in 2005 in Shijiazhuang, China. We specialize ourselves in supplying Organic Tomato Paste and Organic Pasta. Conventional ones are also available to supply. We can make the private labels according to the customers' requirement. Our products have EU, NOP and JAS organic certificates. They are also Kosher certified. We have business relationships with importers and wholesalers from around the world, mainly in Europe and America. Over the years, we have earned highly recognition from clients due to our qualified service and steadily increase our market share year after year.
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