Introduction to micro tillage machine
The tiller is a kind of cultivating machine designed according to the characteristics of small hills, mountainous fields, relatively high height difference and inorganic ploughing. It combines the essence of small-scale farming machinery at home and abroad and has advanced technology. It has low fuel consumption, high productivity, small size, light weight, flexible operation, convenient transfer and easy maintenance. It can meet the needs of users in hilly and mountainous areas for various farming projects such as dry land, paddy fields, greenhouse vegetables and orchards. The machine is powered by diesel engine and gasoline engine. The power is 3.8 to 6.6KW, the ploughing is 800 to 1000 mm, the ploughing depth is 120 to 250 mm, the productivity is 400 square meters per hour, and the whole machine weighs 60 to 120 kilograms. Complete dryland and paddy field work.
Use of tiller
1. Preparation before operation
1.1 Check engine oil
Put the engine in a horizontal position, take out the dipstick and wipe the oil film, then put the dipstick into the oil hole, then take out the dipstick and observe the oil level. The gasoline engine oil should go to the neck of the oil hole, and the diesel engine oil should be in the middle of the oil dipstick. The gasoline engine and the diesel engine cannot be exchanged or mixed. If the diesel engine uses diesel engine oil, the gasoline engine will be cremated and the carbon can not be started. If the diesel engine uses the engine oil, the diesel engine connecting rod and other moving parts will wear rapidly, causing damage to the diesel engine. . Most users will not look at the oil dipstick to check the oil. The mistake is to take the oil dipstick out of the machine and not wipe it clean. The result is that the oil is still a lot of mistakes, and sometimes there is no oil. Causes the tile to damage the engine. The new machine is filled with oil for the first time. After the machine is running for 20 hours, the oil should be discharged, and then the new oil should be added. The purpose is to clean the residual impurities in the machine and the metal powder worn by the machine. The machine is wear-resistant and durable. When the machine is hot, the old oil is drained, so the oil and impurities are mixed at this time, and the concentration is low, and it is easy to release the impurities.
1.2 Check the lubricating oil of the gearbox
Place the tiller on the level ground and take out the oil hole plug of the gearbox. The oil level should be at the lower edge of the oil hole. If the oil level is lower than the lower edge of the oil hole, clean the gear oil, if it is inside the gearbox. No oil or insufficient oil, the gears and bearings in the gearbox will be damaged within a few minutes.
1.3 Check the fuel in the fuel tank
If the fuel is insufficient, the fuel should be replenished. The gasoline engine uses gasoline of No. 90 or above, and the diesel engine uses general light diesel oil. When the temperature is below 0 °C, the No. 10 light diesel oil is used. Smoking and any Mars are strictly prohibited when refueling.
1.4 Check the water level in the water tank (refer to the water-cooled diesel engine)
Add clean water to the tank until the float rises to the highest point.
1.5 adjust the clutch cable
When the handle is not handed or the handle is released (the lever type: when the pull rod is pulled back), the clutch is separated, the tiller (with) can not walk, when the handle is gripped (push type: push the pull rod forward) When the tensioning spring pulls the tensioning wheel up, the V-belt is tensioned (called a combination), the tilling machine (with) is walking, and the machine (with) is in working condition. If the clutch is unclear or the belt slips, adjust the clutch cable bolt by loosening the lock nut on the clutch cable and adjusting the bolt with a wrench. If the clutch is unclear, turn the adjusting bolt inward until The clutch can be separated. If the clutch is not well coupled (the belt is slippery), the adjustment bolt should be turned outward until the clutch can be combined (the belt does not slip), then the nut is locked. If the clutch pull bolt is not adjusted, the clutch needs to be adjusted. Tension.
1.6 Adjust the throttle cable
When the throttle handle on the armrest is opened to the maximum position, the throttle on the engine should also be opened to the maximum position. If the throttle handle on the armrest is opened to the maximum position and the throttle on the engine cannot be opened to the maximum position, adjust the throttle cable. The method is: first loosen the lock nut of the throttle cable, and screw out the adjusting screw to make it meet the above requirements to re-lock the nut.
1.7 adjustment of the tightening of the V-belt
The elastic of the V-belt is to gently grasp the upper and lower sides of the belt by hand. Too loose and too tight should be adjusted by loosening the four mounting bolts of the engine. If it is a gasoline engine, remove the mounting bolts. In addition, the connecting plate fixing bolts of the engine and the transmission box should be loosened, and the engine should be moved forward or backward to make the V-belt tightness meet the above requirements, and the corresponding bolts should be tightened.
1.8 adjustment of the height of the handrail
Generally, when the engine is placed in a horizontal position, it is better to use the height of the armrest to adjust the waist height. The adjustment method is to remove the adjusting bolt of the handrail, change the operating height of the handrail, and then insert the adjusting bolt into the corresponding Adjust the hole and tighten the nut.
1.9 plough depth adjustment
Remove the resistance bar pin and change the upper and lower connecting holes of the resistance bar to adjust the depth of the tillage. The pin penetrates the hole above the bar, the resistance bar is lowered, the depth of the ploughing is increased, the pin penetrates into the hole below, and the resistance rod When it is raised, the depth of cultivation will decrease. Some machines use bolts to adjust the height of the resistance bar. When adjusting, first loosen the bolts, adjust the bar to the desired position, and then tighten the bolts.
1.10 Select the matching work tools and choose the right machine according to the soil conditions.
Winter paddy field cultivation uses paddy field wheel, dry land cultivation uses rotary tiller (if there are many weeds in the ground, we should use mowing type machine), dry land to change paddy field, the first use rotary cutter or compound knife, the second time The joint of the paddy field wheel, the tillage machine and the power output shaft of the micro tillage machine must be safe and reliable (wearing the shaft pin and the elastic pin). Pay special attention to the difference between the left and right during installation, and never reverse it.
Tiller operation
After the engine is started, carefully observe the smoke color emitted by the exhaust pipe and listen to the sound of the engine. When it is confirmed that the engine is working normally, select the appropriate gear position in the clutch state, and then combine the clutch, the tillage machine starts to rotate, and the field can be performed. If the operation is normal, do not force the gear in the clutch combination state, otherwise the gearbox gear will be damaged, causing unnecessary losses. If the clutch is unclear, it must be adjusted first until the clutch can be cleared.
2.1 When the clutch handle is gripped, the clutch is in the engaged state, and the clutch is in the disengaged state when the clutch handle is not gripped or the clutch handle is released.
2.2 The operation mode of the lever clutch is: push the lever forward, the clutch is combined, the lever is pulled backward, and the clutch is separated.
2.3 gear selection
When the clutch is in the disengaged state, the shift lever is pulled to the required gear position, and then the clutch is used, and the tilling machine starts to work (1 speed is slow, the power is large, suitable for cultivating hard soil or sticky soil and soil that needs to be deeply ploughed) 2 speed, low strength, suitable for farming paddy fields and soft soil, can improve work efficiency).
2.4 farming
When planting, change the connection height of the resistance rod and the micro tillage machine to adjust the maximum tillage depth. In the cultivation, you can use the lower pressure or lift the handrail to adjust the depth of the tillage.
Micro tiller running-in and maintenance
In order to maintain the best performance of the tiller, the newly purchased micro tillage machine must be run-in, and the micro tillage machine in use must be regularly maintained and maintained.
3.1 running-in
The newly purchased micro tillage machine is in the running-in phase when it starts to be used. The throttle cannot be opened too much. The engine must be running at medium speed (farming in 1st gear). After 20 hours of operation, the oil snail of the engine crankcase is removed from the state of the heat engine. Plug, release the oil, then tighten the screw plug, add enough new oil from the oil filling port, and also replace the gear oil of the gearbox, the operation of the tiller and the wear of the gearbox, resulting in difficulty in starting the engine, increasing fuel consumption, horsepower Drop, serious damage to the machine.
3.2 Maintenance
3.2.1 Daily maintenance
Check the fuel in the fuel tank, the engine oil and the gear oil in the gearbox. If it is a water-cooled engine, check the cooling water in the tank.
Check and adjust the belt tightness.
Remove surface oil, dirt and weeds.
Inspect and tighten the connecting bolts and shaft pins of each part.
3.2.2 Engine work for 100 hours of maintenance
In addition to completing daily maintenance projects, the following items should also be completed:
Replace engine oil;
Remove the carbon deposit from the cremation plug of the gasoline engine and adjust the cremation gap, 07-08 mm;
Check and adjust the valve clearance (to be adjusted while in the cold state).
Gasoline engine: intake valve clearance 0.10-0.15 mm, exhaust valve clearance 0.15-0.20 mm;
Diesel engine: intake valve clearance 0.15-0.25 mm, exhaust valve clearance 0.25-0.35 mm.
Clean the fuel filter element and air filter element.
3.2.3 Engine work for 500 hours of maintenance
In addition to completing the 100-hour maintenance project, the following items should also be completed:
Check the tightness of the valve;
Check the connecting rod clearance;
Remove the surface area of ​​the piston and replace the piston ring if necessary;
Replace the worn knives.
Troubleshooting
1, the gasoline engine can not start
Troubleshooting reason
(1) Fuel tank without fuel and sufficient fuel
(2) Add diesel or other oils to clean the fuel tank, carburetor and tubing with gasoline, and add gasoline.
(3) The fuel switch is not turned on to open the fuel switch
(4) The carburetor has no oil to loosen the oil drain plug at the bottom of the carburetor until the oil flows out and then tighten the screw plug.
(5) The inside of the carburetor is too dirty to disintegrate the carburetor and clean it with gasoline. The main reason is to wash through the oil holes and steam holes.
(6) Too much carbon on the spark plug electrode to remove carbon deposits on the spark plug electrode
(7) Spark plug is sprayed with gasoline to dry the spark plug
(8) The flameout switch is not turned on and the flameout switch is turned on.
(9) Damage to the spark plug Replace the new spark plug
(10) Ignition damage replacement igniter
(11) The choke valve is closed without closing the choke when the machine is cold
(12) When the heat engine is closed, the choke valve is closed and the choke valve is opened.
2, the diesel engine can not start
Troubleshooting reason
(1) Fuel tank without fuel and sufficient fuel
(2) Air in the fuel system exhausts air in the fuel system
(3) Fuel system blockage cleaning diesel filter and oil pipe
(4) Water has diesel replaced with diesel
(5) Injector bad atomization replacement injector
(6) Insufficient fuel injection or no fuel injection check whether the plug, oil outlet valve, fuel injection needle valve are worn, stuck
3, the engine is difficult to start or is weak
Troubleshooting reason
(1) Air filter blockage
(2) The fuel quality is not good. Clean the air filter.
(3) Injector atomization is not good to replace fuel
(4) The quality of the mixture is not good. Replace the fuel injection nozzle (diesel engine)
(5) The valve clearance is not correct for cleaning or replacing the carburetor (gasoline engine)
(6) The spark plug gap is not adjusted to adjust the spark plug gap (gasoline engine)
(7) The oil supply advance angle is not adjusted to the oil supply advance angle
(8) Valve leakage or valve replacement
(9) Serious wear of the piston ring to replace the piston ring
(10) The cylinder cylinder, the piston, the piston ring, etc. are replaced by the cylinder diesel engine due to lack of oil, and the gasoline engine is replaced with a tank, a piston, a piston ring, etc.
4, the engine smoke is not normal (the engine is running weakly, usually accompanied by smoke is not normal)
A. White smoke:
Troubleshooting reason
(1) There is water in the oil to replace the fuel
(2) The quality of the fuel injection is not good. Replace the fuel injection nozzle (diesel engine)
(3) The quality of the mixture is not good. Clean or replace the carburetor (gasoline engine)
4 oil supply adjustment oil supply time too early (diesel engine)
B, smoke
Troubleshooting reason
1 too much oil check the oil level to release too much oil
2 piston ring severe wear and replace piston ring
3 piston ring assembly is improperly reassembled according to technical requirements
4 improper use conditions when ploughing uphill should not exceed 15 degrees
C, black smoke
Troubleshooting reason
1Overloading with low gear or reducing tillage
2 Injector bad atomization replacement injector (diesel engine)
3 excessive oil supply, appropriate reduction of oil supply
4 oil supply too late adjustment for advance angle (diesel engine)
5 piston severe wear and replace piston ring
5, the engine is running normally, the micro tillage machine can not work normally
A, the tillage machine does not rotate
Troubleshooting reason
1 The belt is loose and the clutch wire adjustment bolt is turned outward. If not,
Just move the engine forward.
2 drive chain damage replacement chain
3 transmission gear damage replacement gear
B, the clutch is unclear
Troubleshooting reason
1The clutch line is improperly adjusted to adjust the clutch cable and move the engine backwards.
2 drive belt shortened as above
C, the transmission box is abnormal
Troubleshooting reason
1 gear damage replacement gear
2 bearing damage replacement bearing
3 sprocket or chain excessive wear to replace the sprocket or chain
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