Four new technologies for agricultural machinery

1. Conservation Tillage Techniques Conservation tillage refers to the complete elimination of paddy plowing, the practice of no-tillage, less tillage (deep or shallow plowing), minimization of soil tillage, and use of crop straw as surface cover to reduce wind erosion. Water erosion, an advanced agricultural farming technique that enhances soil fertility and drought resistance. Its main contents include four items, namely, no-tillage or less-tillage sowing and fertilizing techniques, mechanical sorghum harvesting, straw residue covering and topsoil treatment technologies, deep-soil technology, weed control, and pest and disease control technologies. Among these four technologies, straw residue covering technology and no-tillage sowing technology are the core technologies.
Second, the mechanical deep construction of the "soil reservoir" engineering technology The deep soil of the soil is a new soil cultivation method that only loosens the soil layer and does not invert the soil layer. It can increase the soil pores, destroy the plow bottom layer, and improve the structure of the plough layer. Improve soil water retention and drought resistance. The so-called "soil reservoir" project is the use of all-encompassing deep loosening machinery, etc., timely and reasonable cultivation of the soil, breaking the plow bottom layer, deepening the tillage layer, reducing the soil bulk density, enhance the ventilation and ventilation properties of the soil, improve soil physical and chemical properties, and fully Accepting natural precipitation can increase the amount of soil moisture reserves, make it available for autumn and winter, and autumn rain for spring use; deep mechanical relaxation can store water at the bottom of plough layers, reduce the evaporation of water and reduce the use of precipitation and irrigation water. productivity. There are also governance effects on saline-alkali land.
3. Mechanized high-yield cultivation technology of membranous lateral groove mechanization Mechanized mechanization high-yield cultivation technology of membranous side ditch is a new technique of water-saving, drought-resilient and yield-enhancing technology for dry land grain and crops. It is also a semi-precision seeding machine for mechanical film covering, mechanical precision, and machinery. An integrated technology formed by the deep application of chemical fertilizers and other technical assembly. Applicable to winter wheat, spring wheat, corn, potatoes, especially millet, wolfberry fruit, flax and other food, crops. Its advantages are:
1. Collect rain, save drought and save water. The technique covers the membrane by ridging and the mulch covers the ridges. The seeds are planted on both sides of the membrane in the furrows and the mulch is intact. On the one hand, the direct exchange of water and atmosphere is cut off, which effectively prevents moisture evaporation from the ridge surface. On the other hand, a small arched rain surface formed on each ridge membrane is conducive to the formation of small runoff from the rain to the trenches, so that less than 5 millimeters of ineffective rainfall through the membrane surface current collector to form a small runoff to the trenches are effectively used by crops, Ineffective rain into wheat, light rain into moderate rain, so that the water content of wheat roots doubled; play a role in flood protection, drought and water saving, so that rainfall can be greatly improved live broadcast can be greatly improved.
2, increase the temperature. Because of the heat insulation and heating effect of the film on the side of the membrane, the ground temperature is significantly higher than that of the open ground either on the ridge or in the trench. The increase in the ground temperature effectively improves soil structure and promotes microbial activity in the soil, thereby accelerating the root system of the crop. Full absorption, effectively promote crop emergence. At the same time, it also compensates for the lack of accumulated temperature at high altitudes.
3, easy to implement mechanized operations. Cereal sowing can be done with a film side planter, which is easy to operate. Membrane side seeding machine can complete ditching, ridging, film laying, soil covering, deep chemical fertilizer application, precise and semi-precision sowing and other multi-operation procedures. The seeding amount and fertilizer amount are easy to adjust, which is easy for farmers to master, and easy to make seedlings, Weeding, weeding, fertilization, disease prevention and control, field collection and irrigation, etc.
4. It can reduce the production cost by saving the nodule. Generally about 10% can be planted. Save 20% to 30% of membranes compared to artificially laid membranes,
5. Large increase in output. The increased yield of the crops such as wheat on the membrane side and the millet on the side of the membrane can be up to 30%. Practice has shown that this technology is suitable for a wide range of areas. At an altitude of 1,800-2,600 meters, a dry area of ​​260-400 mm in rainfall can be planted.
IV. Under-membrane self-pressing hose irrigation irrigation and supporting agricultural mechanization technology Membrane hose irrigation and supporting agricultural mechanization technology is a kind of agricultural water-saving comprehensive technology that is combined with film-covered planting and atmospheric pressure micro-irrigation technology, and is also a kind of Plastic Film cultivation. The extension and deepening of drought-resistant technologies. The technology uses a natural farmland plot as an irrigation area, supported by mechanical mechanization techniques such as mechanically-filmed pipelaying, mechanical tillage, and mechanical pumping, and utilizes the differential pressure in the irrigation channels and the field surface to meet the needs of crop growth and development. , The water is sent to the surface of the crop roots through the dry pipe, branch pipe, and capillary tube laying on the ground. The hose irrigation system can evenly and slowly send the water to the roots of the crops for local irrigation. The fertilizers and pesticides can also be applied to the water according to the needs of the crops. Into the crop root zone, compared with the water saving irrigation equipment such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation promoted in recent years, it has the characteristics of low cost, low requirement for water quality, and easy promotion. The technology has obtained five national patents and is currently the most water-saving in China. The most energy-efficient and economical agricultural water-saving irrigation technology.

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