The growth and development of hot peppers enters into the hot season. Because of various reasons, they are prone to falling, falling buds, falling fruit, and even fallen leaves. The production is called “four fallings†of peppers. These phenomena have a great influence on the yield of peppers and often result in a large reduction in yield. It is the high temperature and rainy season, and we must pay attention to prevention.
I. Causes of falling, falling buds, falling fruit and falling leaves
There are mainly the following reasons: First, malnutrition. Due to malnutrition of plants, especially nitrogen fertilizer is too much or insufficient, resulting in poor growth and affecting nutrient distribution, causing falling buds; second, high temperature and drought. Temperature higher than 28 ~ 30 °C, soil drought can also cause drop and fruit drop; Third, the density is too large. Planted dense, poor ventilation, poor lighting, but also easy to cause falling flowers and falling; Fourth, waterlogging and dampness. Many days of rain and waterlogging, soil moisture is too large, affecting the roots of breathing and normal growth, but also easy to make the peppers drop fruit; five is high temperature and rain. In the high temperature and rainy season, especially after heavy rainstorms, the temperature rises, and it is more likely to cause flowering and fruit drop, or even a large number of fallen leaves. Sixth, it is affected by virus diseases. Viral diseases easily occur at high temperatures and droughts and after locust infestation. In the prevalence of viral diseases, falling flowers and falling fruit, sometimes a large number of fallen leaves; seven pests. After the pepper flowers are eaten by the insects such as the tobacco insects, they can easily fall off and cause fruit drop and fruit drop.
Second, prevention measures
(a) soil testing formula, balanced fertilization. According to the nutrient content in the soil, what is lacking, so that the balance of nutrients with the application of nitrogen fertilizer is not much Shi also applied. The application of basal fertilizer is unbalanced, and it must be filled when topdressing to ensure complete nutrition.
(b) planting a single plant, a reasonable close planting, not too dense, to prevent mutual shade and leggy.
(3) Pay attention to watering in high temperature and drought. When drought occurs, it is necessary to water in a timely manner to keep the soil in the field moist and suppress the development and spread of viral diseases. Watering in hot seasons takes place in the morning or in the evening. During this period, attention should also be paid to listening to the weather forecast, grasping the weather condition in time, determining whether it can be watered, and avoid pouring rain and causing fallen leaves.
(d) Drain water promptly after rain. Pepper is both afraid of drought and afraid of earthworms. After a few hours of hot pepper, the plants will wilt and die in severe cases. Therefore, during the rainy season, we must also pay attention to flood prevention, and remove the water from the fields in time when it rains and after rain.
(e) timely control of pests and diseases. At this stage, diseases mainly include viral diseases, anthrax, and soft rot, which should be controlled by effective drugs. The main insect pests are aphids, tobacco budworms, and red spiders. However, pest control must not use highly toxic and high residue pesticides.
(f) Spray growth regulators. Can play a role in regulating vegetative growth and reproductive growth, promote flower protection and increase production. The spraying method is usually sprayed with a solution of rhododendron. Spraying can be performed from 1 day before flowering to 2 to 3 days after flowering. The spray can be sprayed once every 2 to 3 days; ~4 times
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