Pepper is a traditional advantageous industry in our province. However, in recent years, the area has decreased year by year, the circulation has been sluggish, the selling price has continued to fall, and the overall efficiency has been low. This has dampened the production enthusiasm of hot farmers, and the phenomenon of light input and relaxation management is common. According to the author's many years of follow-up investigations, due to inadequate or extensive management methods of seedlings, resulting in uneven seedlings, and even failures of nursery seedlings, which have brought about various degrees of impact on the yield of chilli peppers. "Off," must promote "eight changes." First, it is necessary to do a good job with fertilization, seedbed nutrient soil requires adequate and comprehensive nutrients, full maturity of organic fertilizer, fertilizer should not be excessive, and the use of zinc and phosphorus, carbendazim 30 grams each bed soil disinfection, and then tillage mixed bed soil , leveling the real bed to be filled. Second, the bottom water should be filled, in order to meet the basic needs of the seedlings before the four leaves of the water, sowing should be enough before pouring water, this is because if the watering early in the nursery, it is easy to reduce the bed temperature, is not conducive to seedling hair Roots also tend to induce seedling disease. The third is precision seeding. Each standard bed needs 100-125 grams of dried seeds, using equal-distance seeding or precision seeding. Fourthly, the thickness of the cover seed must be the same, and whether the thickness of the cover soil is uniform or not is the key link of the seedlings, generally 1.5 cm. In addition must also promote the eight changes: First, change does not pay attention to species selection for the selection of new varieties of pepper to high yield, good seed is the key. It should be selected in accordance with the four major characteristics of the Qin pepper, namely, the plant shape is compact and prosperous, the result is a slender tufted angle, strong resistance to disease, no disease and insects, red ripeness and concentration, and high quality, high yield and resistance to the line pepper 981 series. Such as the new varieties "Haiming 2", 2001 and so on. Second, change the germination to not germinate and composite treatment sowing in the selection and drying on the basis of composite treatment of the seed. In other words, warm water shall be used for removing simmer, soaked at 55°C, then soaked with 10% trisodium phosphate or 1% copper sulfate solution for 15 minutes, and then soaked with a small amount of ash to neutralize acidity, sowing with multi-nutrient solution or high-low temperature Alternate treatments to improve the cold resistance of the seedlings. When the local temperature is low and humidity is high, dry seeds should be sown. Third, the late sowing is suitable for early sowing The average temperature of the month is stable through 7-8 °C, 5 cm when the ground temperature above 12 °C can be sown. The practice proved that the appropriate amount of early sowing, appropriate lengthening of seedling age, so that large seedlings colonization, is conducive to the cultivation of age seedlings, early flowering fruit, increase the number of days of effective results, and increase red pepper yield. It is advisable to plant in the Guanzhong area in February and in the middle and early March. Fourth, change the single membrane to double film coverage seedling seedbed seeding cover soil, in the seedbed surface cover film, can play a dual role of warming and moisturizing, such as 70% of seedlings top soil when the seedlings in a timely manner to remove the plastic film, so that not only the emergence of neat And the seedlings are really strong. Fifth, change the late uncovered film for the early management of the finest temperature for the growth of ventilation chili is about 25 °C, so the seedbed temperature adjustment should grasp the "two high and two low" principle, in order to promote the stable growth of spicy seedlings, when the outside temperature When the temperature exceeds 20°C, the seedlings can be gradually removed. Sixth, change the time between late and late for the appropriate period of time Dingmiao production often due to seedlings to stay thick after the seedlings and lead to crowded seedlings, can easily form a "high foot seedlings" and "line seedlings", so after the seedlings must be timely sparse seedlings 2-4 leaf stage Dingmiao, leaving 60 seedlings per square foot, seeding seedlings can be 2-3 per hole. Seven, after the change between the seedlings to sprinkle water for the cover soil to protect the water to meet the needs of the growth of the seedlings, should be in front of the 4 leaves to avoid watering, so as not to reduce the seedbed temperature, 4-8 leaves will not cause water shortage, post-control irrigation prevent leggy, for The quality of seedlings can be improved and the resistance can be increased. The application of granular urea is 150 grams per standard bed. VIII. Changing the neglect of pests and diseases In order to prevent diseases and insect pests in a timely manner, seedling damping-off, damping-off, and underground pests should be prevented. The combination of seed disinfection and soil chemical treatment should be adopted, and ventilation management should be strengthened to reduce the humidity of seedbeds. Bed soil moisture too low temperature can be sprinkled fine soil or the amount of planting wood ash cooling, and choose to use quick-Kling, Manson Manganese zinc, agricultural resistance 120, epidemic frost manganese and other agents alternately control.
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