China Fisheries Network News introduced the HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) system in the non-pollution standard demonstration farm of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in order to respond to accession to the WTO, improve the quality and safety of agricultural products, promote the adjustment of agricultural structure, increase farmers' income, and ensure the consumption of urban residents. Security, improve the international competitiveness of agricultural products, rectify and standardize the market order, and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.
The so-called HACCP is the hazard analysis and key control point. It consists of seven basic principles: "Hazard analysis and preventive measures, identification of critical control points, establishment of critical limits, monitoring of each critical control point, corrective action in the event of deviation of critical limits, establishment of a record keeping system, and establishment of verification procedures. ".
The HACCP system analyzes the hazards (including biological, chemical and physical hazards) that may affect its safety, takes precautionary measures against the significant hazards affecting food safety, establishes key control points, and eliminates hazards at critical control points. Reduced to an acceptable level so that companies and producers avoid losses due to unsafe levels of production.
I. Practical Significance of Applying the HACCP Management System in Aquaculture (1) Implement the HACCP system, improve product quality, ensure food safety, reduce costs, improve labor productivity, and promote agricultural efficiency.
First of all: HACCP is currently the world's most recognized safety prevention and control system. Implementing HACCP to reduce the risk of food safety hazards is more direct and convincing to the trustee consumers and customers, helping to increase their share and create brand-name agricultural products.
Secondly, the establishment of the HACCP system can greatly improve the internal management of aquaculture companies. Through the HACCP prevention and error correction mechanism, it avoids traceability testing of the final product at each critical control point, and ensures stable production of the aquaculture production at a low cost. .
(II) HACCP is very important for regulating the production behavior of enterprises and the order of market competition. Through the HACCP system, it is clear that the main responsibility of food safety includes the farmers and the source of the livelihood. This can help the government to control access to live production, so as to increase the efficiency of government supervision, maintain orderly competition in the market, and achieve the goal of survival of the fittest. Improve the relationship between the farms and the government and consumers and ease the panic of food safety among urban residents.
Second, the application of HACCP target application HACCP is divided into two phases:
The first stage: Based on the publicity and implementation, the main hazard elements and preventive measures are determined through the records of the whole process of breeding and the monitoring and analysis of water sources, seed types, feed, and finished products.
The second stage is to formulate the hazard prevention and corrective measures from the seeds, species, and adults to the whole process of listing, and verify the effectiveness of HACCP through records and product monitoring.
3. Technical measures Combine the implementation and promotion of agricultural product quality standards, strengthen the basic research work of HACCP on the basis of standardization of agricultural products, speed up the construction of HACCP system, promote the improvement of agricultural product quality inspection system, start from the source, start with the ecological environment of raw materials, Through the control of fishery medicines and feeds, the whole process of production, processing, sales, etc. is strengthened here to ensure food safety.
specific method:
1. Renovate the aquaculture area and the surrounding environment, increase the vegetation coverage, ensure that the water is not polluted, and the water is not polluted. The aquaculture water quality meets the national pollution-free agricultural product production requirements.
2. Seedlings imported from overseas should be subject to strict quarantine. SPF (Specific Pathogen-Free Specific) Certificates and Quality Assurance Certificates should be issued by the nursery.
3. Adopt the imitation eco-culture method, determine the reasonable amount of stocking according to the aquaculture implementation and conditions, and use sets of flowers and oysters to purify the water quality.
4, feed ingredients in line with the best growth of the breeding object, nutrition and taste needs, feed additives, antioxidants and preservatives, etc. should be consistent with national safety and health standards, without hormones, provided by the feed processing plant quality assurance.
5, the use of green disinfectants and fungicides. The use of malachite green and
Other three drugs and chemicals are prohibited.
6, generally do not use drugs. Under circumstances of last resort, try to use non-hazardous drugs, microbiological agents, and immunological drugs that have small side effects and drug resistance. It is forbidden to use drugs with high toxicity, high residue, or three drugs and chemicals without three certificates. Unapproved drugs and hormones. It is prohibited to abuse antibiotics. Before listing, ensure that the product does not contain pathogens and chemical residue hazards.
7. Establish a detailed record system. Including the division of responsibilities, implementation of hazard prevention measures, daily monitoring records, product quality monitoring results, etc.
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