Apple tree rot disease

Apple tree rot disease is also known as string wet, stinky skin, rotten skin disease, and the trunk and main branch of a fruit tree that has been infested for more than ten years can also damage the branchlets, young trees and fruits.

Symptoms The small lesions that were left off during the spring scraping process stopped expanding during the growth period of fruit trees and were surrounded by callus. Loss of water becomes dry and becomes dry spots. The dry spots were covered with dark brown rough skin, and the rough skin was scraped to see clearly. Generally oval, dark brown, size 2 ~ 3mm to 3 ~ 5cm range, loose texture, bad, middle cracks, edges and Jianpi junction slightly elevated, many cracks, most of them did not rotten to the xylem, the bottom was Curved, surrounded by callus, easy to peel. After the winter, the dry spot often produces grayish white mycelium on the edge of the dry spot. The pathogen penetrates the callus and forms a reddish-brown necrotic spot on the white bark of tree bark. It further expands to become an ulcerous lesion; it occurs in 2 to 5 years in the spring. The following twigs and cuts, dry piles, fruit vines and other diseases, often show symptoms of branch dryness. The disease department began to be reddish-brown, slightly swollen and wet, and soon it became dry and subsidence. The edges were not obvious and the shape was irregular. Diseased tissue brown or dark brown, loose texture, bad, often rot to the large branches of the connection, causing the incidence of large branches, or rotten around a branch to a circle, the whole branch and even the whole plant gradually died, seriously ill branches and leaves are not Mao, and presented The result is unusually abnormal. In the later stage of disease, the surface of the diseased skin grows with dense black spots (sputum bases), and when the weather is wet, yellow filamentous spores or white powdery conidia spores emerge. ?
The pathogenic bacteria overwinter in the diseased bark with mycelia, conidia, spore horns, ascaria shells, etc., can also overwinter in the xylem of the diseased worm in the form of mycelia. ?
Conditions of Infestation The germination of the conidial and ascospores of the rot pathogenic bacteria is 25–30°C and can germinate at 5°C for a longer time. Extensive cultivation and frost damage are the main causes of rot disease. Low soil organic matter, poor soil consolidation or water conservation, poor root growth, insufficient compound fertilizer, partial nitrogen fertilizer, excessive results, serious annual size, early fall foliage, etc. . In the low-lying areas of the low-lying orchards, the time of accumulation of water in the orchards is too long, and the greedy youths are prolonged and their dormancy period is delayed. They are vulnerable to freezing orchards, and their incidence is also heavy. The seasonal frost damage in the north, resulting in a large area of ​​tree bark frostbite is an important cause of widespread rot disease. ?

Control methods
1 Strengthen cultivation management: Strengthen the tree vigor and improve the resistance of the tree.
(1) Reasonable fertilization, applying nitrogen per 50kg of fruit: phosphorus:potassium is 7:3:7, adding soil miscellaneous fertilizer, circulatory fertilizer and green manure.
(2) Thinning and thinning fruit, to eliminate the phenomena of age and size.
(3) Anti-freeze and whitening are applied to white areas.
(4) Reducing wounds, prohibiting pruning during winter, and applying paint to wounds.
(5) Prevent spring drought and water accumulation, normalize water content of tree body, reduce anti-expansion ability of pathogens, and accelerate wound healing.
2 timely treatment to prevent the spread of lesions spread for a long time: the spring combined with scraping rough skin inspection scraping governance rot disease about 3 times. Commonly used drugs are 30% rotten enemies 30 times liquid, Corbett varnish or emulsion 2 to 3 times liquid, and 20 to 20 times liquid of broth. In the spring and summer, each application of the drug was repeated once to reduce the recurrence rate. Chemical control: The eradication fungicide was sprayed before the germination of the fruit tree in spring to kill the superficial bark of the bark. Commonly-used pesticides are 30% rotten enemies 100 times liquid, 40% femtamine 200 times, etc.; manual removal of pathogens to reduce the density of bacteria in the garden: at any time to cut off diseased branches, dry piles and diseased fruit Taiwan, disease cut mouth, etc., reduce the tree The body is infected by the bacteria; the disease bridges and bridges: the bridges and foot joints on the trunks of the larger disease can help the tree to restore its vistas; the mud method: Apply the soil under the canopy to the lesions in the spring. On the thickness of 3cm or more, then use a plastic cloth brick.

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