The main diseases and pests of persimmon trees and their control

Persimmon trees have the characteristics of wide ecological scope, strong adaptability, planting for one year and benefiting for many years. Persimmon Yingmei is of high value and excellent quality, and it is very popular in domestic and foreign markets. The main pest control methods are as follows: 1. Persimmon worm: Also known as persimmon moth, it is one of the main pests of persimmon trees. This worm occurs two generations a year. Mature larvae shed wintertime in rough skin gaps and roots and necks, and phlegm in the middle and late April of the following year. They emerged in early May and entered the middle of the eutrophic period. They were early in June and early in July. Generation larvae damage young fruit; in mid-July, the first generation of adult emergence emerged, and in early August to September the second-generation larvae began to injure. In persimmon gardens with high humidity, the larvae that grow under the bark can be parasitized by Beauveria bassiana. Control methods: 1. Scrape the bark: scrape the old rough skin on the branches in winter to eliminate overwintering larvae. It is required to shave the rough skin of trunks, main branches and branches, scrape thoroughly once, and it can not shave for several years. 2. Excluded fruit: In the larvae damage period, the victim will be removed together with the Shiki, and concentrated treatment. When the second generation is harmed, the fruits are almost mature and the extracted fruit can be processed and utilized. Insect picking should be timely and thorough. It should be picked 2-3 times a year. 3. Chemical control: Infestation occurs when adults spray 40% dimethoate, or 90% trichlorfon, 50% dichlorvos, 50% marathon and other 1000 times spray, control 1-2 times, can receive good results. Second, persimmon cotton: Also known as persimmon felt. The nymphs and female adults damage fruits and shoots, affecting the yield and quality of persimmons. Four generations a year occur. In the 3-4 years old branch of the cortex cracks or rough trunk gaps, dried persimmons overwintering. In the middle and late April of the following year, they left the wintering place and climbed to shoots, shoots, petioles, and leaves, etc. They were sucked and saped on the surface of Shiiji and its fruits. The nymphs of each generation in each year had their peaks: The first generation in June, the middle, the second generation in mid-July, the third generation in mid-August, and the fourth-generation in mid-and late September. The generations are irregular and intertwined with each other, but they are basically one generation each month. The first two generations mainly damage the leaves and the 1-2 years old branchlets, and the latter two generations mainly damage the persimmon fruits. Control methods: 1. Wintering control: Before the persimmon sprouts in early spring, spray a 5 degree lime sulfur or 5% diesel emulsion to prevent overwintering nymphs. 2. Outbreak prevention: Use 40% dimethoate 1500 times solution or 50% dichlorvos 1000 times solution to spray around persimmon trees with good results. Third, grass shoe: Also known as sandals scale insects. It is an omnivorous pest that can damage persimmons, walnuts, apples, pears, peaches, chestnuts and other fruit trees, as well as a variety of forest trees. The victim’s germination was postponed, the tree vigor was weak, the shoots withered, and even died in serious cases. This worm occurs one generation in a year. It lays piles of wintering eggs in the earth seams near the roots of the trees. In the middle and early March, a large number of trees were planted. In April, the most serious damage occurred. In late April, they crawled to rough skin seams, persimmon caves, and earth seams in the roots to lay eggs. From late May to early June, they laid eggs and died. The more summer and winter the eggs. Control methods: 1. Trunk coating stickworm oil: Before the nymphs begin to put on the tree, smear a circle of 2-3 inches wide sticky beetle oil on the trunk that is 2 or 3 feet away from the ground. Care should be taken to maintain the viscosity of the oil. 2. Chemical control: If the worm has been on the tree, it can be sprayed with 50% marathon or 40% dimethoate 800 times in the late March. Persimmon Anthracnose: The disease mainly damages persimmon fruit and new shoots. The pathogenic bacteria mainly lurk in the diseased branches or diseased fruit through the winter. The onset occurs in late June of each year, and the onset of disease in the July and August seasons has continued until September to October. Control methods: 1. Cut off the diseased branches and dried fruits on the tree before germination, and burn it in a concentrated manner. 2.Spray 5 degrees lime sulfur before germination in early spring. 3. When the onset of the summer begins, spray Bordeaux Multifluid (1:5:400), between July and August, spray two or three times. It is also possible to use 65% of dexamethasone 800 times. 5. Persimmon leaf spot disease: It is one of the major diseases on the persimmon tree. The bacteria used hyphae for winters on diseased leaves and diseased peduncles. Conidia were infested between June and July in the following year. Severe onset in the rainy season in July and August. The disease causes early defoliation and fruit drop, and can weaken the tree vigor and is prone to frost damage, resulting in the occurrence of perennial blight. Control methods: 1. Elimination of pathogens: Autumn leaves are cleaned and the diseased pedicles in the trees are completely removed. 2. Spray Bordeaux mixture (1:4-5: 400-600) 2-3 times in July-August. Six, persimmon leaf spot disease: This disease is also one of the main diseases of persimmon tree. The main cause of early defoliation, early redness and softness of the fruit, the disease in the immature ascosmic shell winter in diseased leaves. In June of the following year, the ascus capsule matured, and the ascendants scattered and scattered with the wind and invaded by the stomata of the leaves. The disease generally began in early September and stopped after mid-October. For example, rain may be early onset from June to July. Control methods: 1. Mainly clean the leaves, deep-buried or burned to reduce the source of overwintering. In the middle and early months of 2.6, the Bordeaux mixture (1:5:100) was sprayed before the spleen was scattered and the spleen was sprayed once every 20 days.

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