Freshwater Whitefish Wintering Technology

Freshwater white plage is tropical and subtropical. When the water temperature is lower than 12°C, it will die. Water temperature can survive at 18°C~19°C, but it is easy to get sick or even die in large quantities. Therefore, the overwintering management of freshwater pelicans is particularly important. First, the selection method According to winter conditions and production needs, freshwater white storks wintering is divided into two types. One is the hypothermia type, in which the water temperature in wintering ponds is maintained between 18°C ​​and 23°C, but it can only be preserved and cannot grow. The other is a suitable temperature-cultivation type, that is, the water temperature in wintering ponds is kept between 24°C and 32°C. This will enable freshwater fish to maintain appetite. Adhering to proper feeding will not only survive, but also grow and develop, enhance physical fitness, and increase Disease resistance. The winter temperature of the broodstock is preferably between 26°C and 32°C, which ensures its strong feeding and promotes its gonadal development. During specific operations, the overwintering method should be flexibly selected based on the thermal energy resources and wintering production needs. The general overwintering methods are: 1. The plastic greenhouse is overwinter over winter using a plastic greenhouse. Over the wintering pond, an arch-shaped greenhouse is erected with steel pipes or bamboo, sealed with nylon cloth, and open doors are installed on both sides of the greenhouse to facilitate air circulation and artificial feeding. 2. Geothermal water Over winter, geothermal water may be used for wintering where there are geothermal resources. Select a suitable location to drill hot water wells and use geothermal water to introduce the geothermal water into the overwintering pool. The pipelines should be buried deep underground to avoid heat dissipation. The overwintering pond area should be 5 mu or more and the water depth should be 2 meters or more. It is necessary to test the geothermal water temperature and water quality conditions to make it suitable for the survival and growth of freshwater whitefish. 3. After the plant's residual heat overwinters in the place where there is waste heat from the factory, the hot water can be used for fresh water and white leeks. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the analysis of the residual hot water to make the water quality suitable for freshwater fish. For example, closed-end hot water in power plants can only be used for seed conservation, and its water quality is detrimental to the development of the embryos, so that the fertilized eggs of freshwater whitefish cannot hatch. 4. Other methods such as industrialized fish farming and raw coal, crude oil and other areas with sufficient resources, can use the boiler to boil water for winter; in small-scale overwintering and conservation areas, large-capacity solar water heaters can also be used for winter. Second, be prepared to enter the overwintering pool in freshwater white storks, to strengthen the cultivation of the autumn in order to enhance their physical fitness, improve disease resistance. To strengthen the feed, the daily feed is 5% to 8% of the fish's body weight, and the protein content in the feed should be about 30% to 35%. The formula can use 10% fishmeal, 25% soybean cake, 20% cake, Rice bran 10%, bran 10%, mixed miscellaneous material 18%, minerals 2%, the proportion of 5% of the leg of flour. Because the white pheasant often inhabits the lower layer of the water body, the pellet feed should be made into a sink, which is convenient for feeding as soon as possible to reduce waste. Before the stocking, the ponds should be disinfected, and the wintering ponds should be thoroughly disinfected with quick lime or bleach. When the freshwater dipper raises water into the wintering pond, it must pay attention to changes in the temperature of the water, and must be caught before the first cold air arrives. Fish caught at temperatures below 16°C cannot be used as overwintering species. At the same time, fish of different specifications must be separated and pooled for the winter, and the fish should be selected for their robustness, smooth surface, and no injuries. The wintering density should be suitable. Generally, the species of fish is 40,000 to 50,000 per mu, and the broodstock is no more than 200 kg per mu. Third, the amount of feeding If the wintering pool water temperature can be maintained in the long-term between 24 °C ~ 32 °C, freshwater ferrets can still be fed normally. In general, after entering the wintering pond for 3 days to 4 days, the artificial pellets can be fed with artificial pellets. The content of crude protein in the feed should be about 30%, and the fresh leaves or duckweed should be fed appropriately. Adjust his appetite. When feeding, we should adhere to the principle of “a small amount of time, no leftover bait”. Fourth, to strengthen management should do the following work: 1. Special management, day and night patrol ponds should adhere to the daily measurement of water temperature, observe the fish, find problems should be dealt with in a timely manner. 2. Reasonable water transfer, ensure the water temperature to do a good job in water quality adjustment, change the water once a month, each time changing the water does not exceed 1/3, pay attention to control the water temperature when changing the water, so that the water temperature is maintained at 24 °C ~ 32 °C, And before and after the change of temperature should not exceed 2 °C. 3. Prevention-based, disease-prevention and prevention of damage Due to the long wintering period of freshwater pelicans, high density, poor water quality, and susceptibility to disease, use methylene blue medicine bath for 10 minutes to 15 minutes before entering the pool. When the water temperature is 18 °C ~ 20 °C, juvenile fish susceptible to small echinococcosis, skin disease, the third generation of worms, etc., especially small melon worms, easily lead to fulminant deaths. In addition, it also infects larvae disease, trichoderma, trichomonad disease, and bacterial rot disease. If there is a diseased fish, it should be treated in a timely manner and care must be taken not to use “trichlorfon”. 4. Improve conditions and strengthen management. Always remove dirt from the bottom of the tank. If there is no sewerage equipment at the bottom of the tank, use a siphon to suck out fecal matter, residual baits, and other contaminants. Change water regularly. To keep the wintering area quiet, try to avoid scaring overwintering fish. Prohibit birds and animals from going down the pond, eliminating predators such as snakes and slugs, preventing birds from attacking fish, and ensuring a good wintering environment.

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